Preprints
There are 4720 Preprints listed.
Numerical experiments on extreme waves through oblique-soliton interactions
Published: 2022-02-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Extreme water-wave motion is investigated analytically and numerically by considering two-soliton and three-soliton interactions on a horizontal plane. We successfully determine numerically that soliton solutions of the unidirectional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation (KPE), with equal far-field individual amplitudes, survive reasonably well in the bidirectional and higher-order Benney-Luke [...]
Freshwater Suspended Particulate Matter – Key Components and Processes in Floc Formation and Dynamics.
Published: 2022-02-18
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Fresh Water Studies, Geochemistry, Hydrology, Sedimentology
Freshwater suspended particulate matter (SPM) plays an important role in many biogeochemical cycles and serves multiple ecosystem functions. Most SPM is present as complex floc-like aggregate structures composed of various minerals and organic matter from the molecular to the organism level. Flocs provide habitat for microbes and feed for larger organisms. They constitute microbial bioreactors, [...]
The 2021 eruption of the Cumbre Vieja Volcanic Ridge on La Palma, Canary Islands
Published: 2022-02-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Almost exactly half a century after the eruption of the Teneguía Volcano on La Palma (26 October to 28 November 1971), a new eruption occurred on the island and lasted for 85 days from 19 September until 13 December 2021. This new eruption opened a volcanic vent complex on the western flank of the Cumbre Vieja rift zone, the N-S elongated polygenetic volcanic ridge that has developed on La Palma [...]
Contribution of zooplankton nutrient recycling and effects on phytoplankton size structure in a hypereutrophic reservoir
Published: 2022-02-17
Subjects: Biochemistry, Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences, Other Life Sciences
Consumer nutrient recycling influences aquatic ecosystem functioning by altering the movement and transformation of nutrients. In hypereutrophic reservoirs, zooplankton nutrient recycling has been considered negligible due to high concentrations of available nutrients. A comparative analysis (Moody and Wilkinson, 2019) found that zooplankton communities in hypereutrophic lakes are dominated by [...]
Early evolution of the Adelaide Superbasin
Published: 2022-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Continental rifts have a significant role in supercontinent breakup, and the development of sedimentary basins. The Australian Adelaide Superbasin is one of the largest and best-preserved rift systems that initiated during the breakup of Rodinia, yet substantial challenges still hinder our understanding of its early evolution and place within the Rodinian supercontinent. In the past decade, our [...]
A one-million-year isotope record from siderites formed in modern ferruginous sediments
Published: 2022-02-17
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Other Environmental Sciences, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Ancient iron formations hold important records of environmental conditions during the Precambrian Eons. Reconstructions of past oceanic systems require investigating modern ferruginous analogs to disentangle water column and diagenetic signals recorded in iron-bearing minerals. We analyzed oxygen, iron, and carbon isotopes in siderite, a ferrous carbonate phase commonly used as an environmental [...]
What Determines the Future Ecological Risks of Wastewater Discharges in River Networks: Load, Location or Climate Change?
Published: 2022-02-17
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Over the last decades, treatment of domestic wastewater promoted by environmental regulations have reduced human health risks and improved water quality. However, ecological risks caused by effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharged into rivers still persist. Moreover, the evolution of these ecological risks in the future is intimately related to effects of changing climate, [...]
The open collection of geoscience graphics
Published: 2022-02-15
Subjects: Databases and Information Systems, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces, Instructional Media Design, Planetary Sciences
A standard internet image search on a geoscientific topic is common practice, and offers a plethora of images. However, the suggested images provide neither a guarantee in the accuracy of the science content being portrayed, nor in their visual accessibility or clarity. Being curated by both scientists and artists, the online s-ink collection (https://s-ink.org) is a sharing platform for high [...]
A Techno-Economic Analysis of Australian Green Steel Production from Hydrogen
Published: 2022-02-15
Subjects: Engineering
Green steel - produced using hydrogen and electricity from renewable energy sources - provides both the means to decarbonize steel manufacturing and a way to facilitate growth of the international hydrogen industry. Australia, with its abundant renewable resources and ample iron-ore deposits, is in an excellent position to participate in this opportunity. We highlight the synergies between the [...]
The development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in India: A critical review
Published: 2022-02-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is a three-tier process- carbon capture, transport and storage. The capture consists of pre-combustion, oxy-combustion and post-combustion capture. Transport of CO2 is most viable through pipelines.The biotic CO2storage occurs through terrestrial or oceanic pathways and can be simulated naturally or artificially. The abiotic/geologic storage is achieved [...]
Source rock properties and kerogen decomposition kinetics of Eocene shales from petroliferous Barmer basin, western Rajasthan, India
Published: 2022-02-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Hydrocarbon exploration and production are going on in Barmer basin (Rajasthan, India) for more than a decade. The potential source rocks are of Paleocene – Eocene age, and Mesozoic siltstones form the reservoirs. The western and central portions of the Rajasthan basin are characterised by extensive lignite formations, which can be promising for artificial transformation to oil and gas. We [...]
PyMelt: An extensible Python engine for mantle melting calculations
Published: 2022-02-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Volcanology
Modelling the melting of Earth’s mantle is crucial for understanding the distribution of volcanic activity on Earth and for testing models of mantle convection and mantle lithological heterogeneity. PyMelt is a new open-source Python library for calculating the melting behaviour of multi-lithology mantle and can be used to predict a number of geophysical and petrological observations, including [...]
Economic and biophysical limits to seaweed-based climate solutions
Published: 2022-02-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resource Economics, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Sustainability
Net-zero greenhouse gas emissions targets are driving interest in opportunities for biomass-based negative emissions and bioenergy, including from marine sources such as seaweed. Yet the biophysical and economic limits to farming seaweed at scales relevant to the global carbon budget have not been assessed in detail. We use coupled seaweed growth and technoeconomic models to estimate the costs of [...]
Ageostrophic contribution by the wind and waves induced flow to the lateral stirring in the Mediterranean Sea
Published: 2022-02-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We study the impact of the Ekman currents and Stokes drift on the horizontal mixing and transport properties of the Mediterranean Sea. FSLE at the ocean surface are computed over the whole basin using 25 years of satellite altimetry derived geostrophic currents, 10-m wind velocity and wave fields. We find that the transport pathways unveiled by the geostrophic Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) [...]
Fuzzy graph theory applied to brittle plane network- A need for carbon sequestration models
Published: 2022-02-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Improved carbon sequestration (CCS) models with rocks as sinks require incorporation of uncertainty into the models. In such cases of uncertain geoscientific problems, fuzzy graph theory can be useful. Brittle shear plane network with indistinct shear planes is common in natural sheared rocks, and can be targeted for CCS. Due to non-unique possibility of continuity of P-planes, it is not possible [...]