Preprints
There are 5516 Preprints listed.
The Importance of Geospatial Technology in Monitoring Plant Health
Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Solving the problems presented by climate change depends on geospatial technology in great measure. Through shifting pest and disease dynamics, increasing frequency of extreme weather events, and modifying growth circumstances, climate change aggravates problems with plant health. For example, remote sensing data and satellite-based climate models help one to forecast how variations in [...]
Positive isotropic components of the 2025 Santorini-Amorgos earthquakes
Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We used full waveforms of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) regional stations and a frequency range of 0.03-0.06 Hz. We calculated full moment tensors (MTs) and focused on their ISO and CLVD components. In the tested depth range of 1-20 km, the medians of ISO (=VOL) and CLVD are positive, but their 68% confidence intervals are broad due to the tradeoff of the non-DC with depth. When [...]
Rethinking Environmental Sustainability in the Operating Room: Beyond the Reusability Assumption for Surgical Instruments
Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public Health
Addressing the climate crisis is an urgent global priority, yet the healthcare sector continues to face significant challenges in implementing long-term green solutions. The sector accounts for 4.4% of global carbon emissions, with an even greater impact of 7% in the Netherlands. The latest Dutch report- Barometer Groene OK- proposes ten key measures to reduce the healthcare carbon footprint, [...]
Freshwater salinization of seasonal ponds: High salinity and stratification threaten critical, overlooked habitats
Published: 2025-02-20
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Water Resource Management
Nearly a century of road salt use in the snowbelt region of North America has led to substantial increases in salinity levels in freshwater habitats (1, 2). Salt pollution in lakes and rivers is well characterized (3, 4). Lacking are broad insights for seasonal ponds. As critical habitats for many endemic species, these small and often poorly flushed surface waters are especially vulnerable to [...]
PoMELO Passive Blind Test Results: Emissions detection and quantification
Published: 2025-02-19
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
PoMELO Passive is a technology that combines vehicle-based pollution measurements from public roads with cloud-based software to: (i) detect emissions from oil and gas sites, and (ii) quantify emissions rates. Automated attribution and plume modeling algorithms provide results with little human intervention, facilitating large scale monitoring programs. PoMELO Passive is operationally deployed at [...]
Thermal channelization of suprapermafrost flows
Published: 2025-02-19
Subjects: Geomorphology, Hydrology
On many frozen hillslopes, subsurface water above permafrost is routed through regularly spaced, linear features known as water tracks. We test whether water tracks form through thermal channelization, where heat from viscous dissipation in flowpaths deepens the active layer, creating a preferred flow path that attracts more water. We derive equations for suprapermafrost Darcy flow and, using [...]
Effects of mineralogy on ∆47 and ∆48 of carbonate-derived CO2 below analytical resolution
Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Geochemistry
Due to the lack of direct methods capable of determining the abundance of isotopologues containing multiple heavy isotopes within the crystal lattice, carbonates are typically reacted with phosphoric acid to produce CO2 analyte for clumped isotope analyses. This reaction is associated with fractionations of both bulk oxygen and clumped isotopes. Accurate knowledge of the effect of cation [...]
Controlled Release Tests Results for the Methane Lidar Camera
Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Methane emissions detection using continuous monitors enables round-the-clock monitoring to quickly identify emissions from oil and gas facilities. The SLB methane lidar camera participated in Stanford University’s 2024 Methane Controlled Release Campaign to characterize its performance at detecting, localizing, and quantifying methane emissions from different sources. The camera successfully [...]
Opuntia Invasion Risk and Management Strategies in China: A Comprehensive Review Under Climate Change Scenarios
Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Life Sciences
Including China, the genus Opuntia prickly pear cactus has grown to be a quite troublesome invading species in many different countries. With an eye toward Opuntia's ecological effects, present management practices, and suggestions for future control activities, this review assesses the possible distribution and invasion risk of the plant under climate change conditions. We investigate the [...]
Pushing and pulling an algal bloom: physical controls of diel variability in nearshore phytoplankton communities
Published: 2025-02-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
High-biomass microalgal blooms frequently occur in littoral environments worldwide, often causing noxious effects on aquatic ecosystems and coastal communities. Here, we combine field observations and a simple retention-dispersion model to disentangle the short-term (hours) environmental drivers shaping the nearshore dynamics of such outbreaks. Temperature, salinity, fluorescence, current [...]
Geochemical Dynamics in Organic-Rich Mudstone Reservoirs: Interactions and Implications
Published: 2025-02-16
Subjects: Engineering
This paper explores the intricate geochemical characteristics of organic-rich mudstone reservoirs, focusing on key factors such as thermal maturity, wettability, and adsorption properties. These reservoirs, often referred to as unconventional hydrocarbon systems, are composed of complex organic and inorganic phases that interact dynamically over geological timescales. Understanding these [...]
Quantifying the contributions of climate change and adaptation to mortality from unprecedented extreme heat events
Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the mortality effects of the most extreme heat events is central to climate change risk analysis and adaptation decision-making. Accurate representation of these impacts requires accounting for the effects of prolonged sequences of hot days on mortality, the change in that mortality due to anthropogenic forcing, and the potential compensating effects of adaptation to heat. Here, we [...]
Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ilmenite Exsolutions in Titanomagnetite and Their Implications for the Ore-Forming Process at the Damiao Deposit
Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology
The Damiao Fe-Ti-P deposit, located within the Damiao anorthosite complex in northeastern China, features Fe-Ti oxide ores and nelsonites that occur as irregularly inclined stratiform-like bodies, lenses, or veins with sharp contacts against anorthosite and gabbronorite. This deposit is characterized by abundant titanomagnetite that hosts diverse ilmenite exsolution textures, including blocky, [...]
Structuring uncertainty to improve climate change management success
Published: 2025-02-14
Subjects: Environmental Studies
There is a growing concern about the unforeseen negative consequences of climate change. In response, important scholarly efforts have produced valuable frameworks to help decisionmakers construct adaptation plans. Drawing on the success and failures of current adaptation plans, these frameworks have been developed to prevent maladaptations, meaning the unforeseen negative consequences of [...]
Quantitative assessment of tomographic proxies for lowermost mantle composition and mineralogy
Published: 2025-02-14
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Large low velocity provinces (LLVPs) dominate the lowermost mantle, but their detailed thermochemical nature remains a topic of discussion. Particularly, it is unclear to what extent the bridgmanite to post-perovskite phase transition is able to explain their velocity characteristics. Robust constraints on the origin of these seismic structures would shed light on large-scale dynamic processes in [...]