Skip to main content

Preprints

There are 5427 Preprints listed.

Spatial variability of marine heatwaves in the Chesapeake Bay

Rachel Wegener, Jacob O. Wenegrat, Veronica Lance, et al.

Published: 2025-01-11
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest and one of the most productive estuaries in the United States. Like many estuaries, rising global temperatures have impacted this ecologically important zone. Marine heatwaves, extreme temperature events, are increasingly common in the Chesapeake Bay. Although marine heatwaves evolve across space and time, a complete spatial picture of marine heatwaves in the Bay [...]

GelCam: Visualizing Episodic Sinking Particle Flux via a Polyacrylamide Gel-Based Sediment Trap

Yixuan Song, Melissa Omand, Colleen Durkin, et al.

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Oceanography

While particle-intercepting traps remain a dominant method for quantifying the contribution of sinking particles to the biological carbon pump, fluxes are typically integrated over days to months. Observations of time-varying particle flux over shorter durations are very limited. To this end, we prototyped a camera system called “GelCam” which captures a rapid time-lapse image sequence of [...]

Observation-based estimate of Earth's effective radiative forcing

Senne Van Loon, Maria Rugenstein, Elizabeth A Barnes

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Human emissions continue to influence Earth's climate. Effective radiative forcing quantifies the effect of such anthropogenic emissions together with natural factors on Earth's energy balance (Soden et al. 2018; Gregory et al. 2020; Forster et al. 2021, 2024). Evaluating the exact rate of effective radiative forcing is challenging, because it can not be directly observed. Therefore, estimating [...]

Origin and fate of methane in the Central American convergent margin

Matteo Selci, Martina Cascone, Timothy J Rogers, et al.

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Volcanology

Convergent margins are gateways to Earth’s interior where volatile species are cycled between the planet's surface and interior. At these locations, carbon is recycled from deep reservoirs in two main forms: oxidized carbon, such as carbon dioxide, and reduced carbon, such as methane. While the former is quantitatively more important and its volcanic fluxes have been better constrained, the [...]

A semi-automated method for constructing three-dimensional models of complex fault networks

Andrew Howell, Tim McLennan, Camilla Penney, et al.

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure

Fault geometry and the connectivity between faults at depth are both important controls on the nucleation, propagation and arrest of earthquake rupture, so modelling these parameters accurately is essential to models of the earthquake cycle. However, simulations involving complex three-dimensional (3D) fault systems rarely explore the sensitivity of results to uncertainties in geometry and [...]

Dynamic earthquake source inversion with Generative Adversarial Network priors

Jan Premus, Jean Paul Ampuero

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Dynamic source inversion of earthquakes consists of inferring frictional parameters and initial stress on a fault consistent with recorded seismological and geodetic data and with dynamic earthquake rupture models. In a Bayesian inversion approach, the nonlinear relationship between model parameters and data requires a computationally demanding Monte Carlo (MC) approach. As the computational cost [...]

Investigating the suitability of dichotomous responses for the Water Insecurity Experience (WISE) Scales using nationally representative data from 39 countries

Indira Bose, Joshua D Miller, Hilary J Bethancourt, et al.

Published: 2025-01-10
Subjects: Environmental Studies

Background  The Water Insecurity Experiences (WISE) Scales have been validated to comparably measure water insecurity globally. The scales consist of 12 items that can be administered in approximately 3 minutes. There is interest in developing more rapid WISE Scale versions, for use when time is limited. One alternative is to use a subset of 4 items, which has been validated, but has some [...]

Divergent Paradigms of Porphyry Cu Deposits in Subduction and Collision Zones

Zixuan Wang, Yuanchuan Zheng, Bo Xu, et al.

Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Natural Resource Economics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The prevailing view suggests that the formation of porphyry Cu deposits involves differentiation of water-rich, metal-bearing juvenile magmas, with subduction of oceanic slabs supplying the necessary volatiles. However, the occurrence of significant porphyry Cu deposits in continental collision zones, where such volatile sources are absent, challenges this paradigm. We analyze a global dataset of [...]

Transtension in the Levant Basin: Challenging the Syrian Arc model

Amir Joffe, Rebecca E. Bell, Josh Steinberg, et al.

Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure

Late Cretaceous intra-plate shortening, and inversion of the Permian to Jurassic rift system, resulted in the ~1000 km-long, S-shaped Syrian Arc Fold Belt which dominates the Levant regional topography through Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, and Syria. Subsequent Miocene folding along the same trends of the Late Cretaceous fold belt, was likely associated with the collision of Arabia and Eurasia. The [...]

Can neighbourhood interventions strengthen collective climate action?

Christian Andreas Klöckner, Löfström Erica, Michael Brenner-Fliesser, et al.

Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Environmental Studies

This paper builds on a model of individual and collective climate action on the neighbourhood level recently presented by Klöckner et al. [1]. In this model, types of local climate action were empirically categorized (diet, travel, protest, other climate actions) and it was found that both individual and collective intentions contribute to self-reported climate actions in these categories and [...]

Temporal dynamics of biotic homogenization and differentiation across marine fish communities

Zoë Jean Kitchel, Aurore Maureaud, Alexa Fredston, et al.

Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Marine Biology

Humans have transformed ecosystems through habitat modification, harvesting, species introduction, and climate change. Changes in species distribution and composition are often thought to induce biotic homogenization, defined as a decline in spatial beta diversity through time. However, it is unclear whether homogenization is common in ocean ecosystems and if changes in beta diversity exhibit [...]

Were Precambrian oceans devoid of planktonic cyanobacteria? Insights from metabolism

Rogier Braakman

Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Life Sciences

Studies on biospheric evolution often assume planktonic cyanobacteria existed in Precambrian oceans, but that their productivity was limited due to various factors. However, available evidence suggests that planktonic cyanobacteria only colonized the open ocean near the Neoproterozoic-Phanerozoic boundary, close to the when a period of atmospheric oxygenation triggered the rise of animals. It is [...]

Hydrogenotrophic metabolisms in the subsurface and their implications for underground hydrogen storage and natural hydrogen prospecting

Martina Cascone, Guillermo Climent Gargallo, Flavia Migliaccio, et al.

Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy

Hydrogen is a fundamental electron donor in diverse microbial metabolisms and it is considered the energetic currency exchanged within microbial communities in anaerobic environments. Hydrogen is also the major actor in the transition to alternative low-carbon energy sources, primarily due to its dual role as energy source and energy carrier and to the production of water as a byproduct of its [...]

Diverging trends in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields across Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022

Brock Jacob Watson Kamrath, Jennifer C Murphy, Hannah L Podzorski, et al.

Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Monitoring, Natural Resources and Conservation, Water Resource Management

Illinois is a major contributor of nutrients to the northern Gulf of Mexico. As such, the State of Illinois initiated efforts to curb nutrient runoff over the last several decades. To evaluate progress towards these reductions, water-quality data were used to estimate incremental loads and yields of nitrate plus nitrite (NO3) and total phosphorus (TP) from 1997–2022 for 49 Illinois watersheds, [...]

Submarine fans in the Kribi-Campo sub-basin, offshore Cameroon: Geomorphology and stratigraphic evolution during the Late Cretaceous

Boris SECKE BEKONGA GOUOTT, Yakup Niyazi, Ovie Emmanuel Eruteya, et al.

Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Education

search

You can search by:

  • Title
  • Keywords
  • Author Name
  • Author Affiliation