Preprints
There are 5068 Preprints listed.
Rapid Fault Leakage Modeling for CO2 Storage in Saline Aquifers
Published: 2024-08-12
Subjects: Chemical Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geology, Petroleum Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Risk Analysis
Simulating the fluid flow along fault zones at different scales is essential for predicting the CO2 leakage and containment during injection and storage. However, this can be challenging, especially in the early stages of a storage project when knowledge of the reservoir and caprock is limited and the cost of obtaining the relevant data is high. This study proposes a tool for fast screening of [...]
Reconstructing past sea-level changes from storm-built beach ridges
Published: 2024-08-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Sedimentology
Storm-built beach ridges, built by waves on sedimentary coasts, can be used as geomorphological indicators of past sea level. However, quantifying the relationship between the geomorphological elements of the ridge and the paleo sea level at the time of deposition is difficult, as a beach ridge is primarily correlated to wave energy and only secondarily to the position of sea level. In this work, [...]
Critical Review of the Article: "Evidence of Dark Oxygen Production at the Abyssal Seafloor" by Sweetman et al. in Nat. Geosci. 1–3 (2024)
Published: 2024-08-12
Subjects: Geochemistry
This review examines the findings and methodologies presented in Sweetman et al. (2024) (hereafter referred to as ‘the paper’). The paper presents findings contrasting those of all previous comparable work and has stirred international debate pertaining to deep-sea minerals. We identify significant issues in data collection, validation, and interpretation including unvalidated data collection [...]
Expanded constraints on chemical weathering reactions and carbon cycling beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet
Published: 2024-08-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ice sheets may influence the global carbon cycle by releasing chemical weathering products and carbon from basal environments. However, limited data describing subglacial biogeochemical cycles beneath Antarctic and Greenland ice leaves open fundamental questions regarding the feedbacks between climate, ice sheets, and the carbon cycle. Most notably: does subglacial chemical weathering beneath ice [...]
The turbulent dynamics of anticyclonic submesoscale headland wakes
Published: 2024-08-10
Subjects: Oceanography
Flow interacting with bathymetry has been posited to be important for dissipation and mixing in the global ocean. Despite this, there are large uncertainties regarding mixing in these environments, particularly as it pertains to the role of submesoscale structures in the dynamics and energetics. In this work we study such flows with a series of Large-Eddy simulations of a submesoscale flow past a [...]
The cyclical nature of normal fault growth: Insights from 4D analogue models
Published: 2024-08-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Exploring how normal faults evolve is important for understanding the dynamic processes underlying the initiation and evolution of rift systems. Early-stage fault growth has been largely under-explored due to resolution limitations in seismic reflection data and the lack of three-dimensional exposures in the field. Physical analogue modelling offers a unique way to visualize and analyse [...]
Remote sensing large-wood storage downstream of reservoirs during and after dam removal: Elwha River, Washington, USA
Published: 2024-08-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Large wood is an integral part of many rivers, often defining river-corridor morphology and habitat, but its occurrence, magnitude, and evolution in a river system are much less well understood than the sedimentary and hydraulic components, and due to methodological limitations, have seldom previously been mapped in substantial detail. We present a new method for this, representing a substantial [...]
Be clever or be cold: repurposed ovens for space heating following global catastrophic infrastructure loss
Published: 2024-08-09
Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Global catastrophic infrastructure loss (GCIL) would disrupt energy supply networks, prohibiting heating in houses reliant on electricity or piped natural gas. Cold climates would require alternative heating methods, as space heating is critical to survival. This work assesses the viability of converting household appliances to wood-burning stoves, and the scalability of such conversions. A [...]
Audible and Infrasonic waves generated during the 2022 Hunga eruption: Observations from across Aotearoa New Zealand
Published: 2024-08-09
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences, Volcanology
The 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano (Kingdom of Tonga) featured one of the most powerful blasts in recent history, generating atmospheric acoustic phenomena observed around the world. Here we examine seismo-acoustic data of the eruption from across Aotearoa New Zealand, host of the densest network of seismo-acoustic sensors in the south-west Pacific. We find clear evidence for two [...]
A global C-staggered composite model for shallow water equations 1 with latitude-longitude grid and reductions in the polar regions
Published: 2024-08-08
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
To develop a numerical method for global geophysical fluids, we usually need to choose a spherical grid and numerical approximations to represent the partial derivative equations. Some alternatives include the use of finite differences or finite volumes with latitude-longitude or reduced grids. Each of these cases has some advantages and also some limitations. This paper presents a comparison [...]
Incongruent chemical weathering and adsorption of neodymium drive modulation of neodymium isotope composition of global riverine particulate matter
Published: 2024-08-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We report incongruent weathering and differential release of radiogenic neodymium (143Nd) to challenge the widely accepted congruent behaviour of Nd isotopes during weathering of rocks. Investigating two basaltic weathering profiles of the Rajmahal Volcanic Province in India, the incongruent behaviour of minerals and Nd isotopes were established. These results contradict the premise of invariant [...]
Intercomparison of satellite derived SST with logger data in the Caribbean – Implications for coral reef monitoring
Published: 2024-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Since the early 1980s measurements of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) derived from satellite-borne instruments have provided a wide range of global gridded products documenting changes in SST. However, there are many sources of uncertainty in these records and significant differences exist among them. One use of these products is identification of coral bleaching events, and the predictions of the [...]
Inadequate wastewater management in Dhaka's major hospitals: A Socio-Technical Systems (STS) analysis of leadership, policy, and technological challenges
Published: 2024-08-06
Subjects: Public Health
Unsafe hospital wastewater is a significant concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the health impact is often underreported. Socio-technical systems (STS) theory, which examines the interplay between social and technical elements within complex systems, is widely used in developed countries but rarely applied in LMIC hospitals. We employed STS theory to evaluate the [...]
Corporate social responsibility management and sustainability of a Peruvian agribusiness: analysis of invention, adaptability and organizational ambidexterity
Published: 2024-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This research article analyzes the management of corporate social responsibility and the sustainability of a Peruvian agribusiness, considering invention, adaptability and organizational ambidexterity. The importance of invention is highlighted to develop innovative practices that improve sustainability. Adaptability is crucial to respond to external changes and environmental regulations. [...]
The impact of rural digitization on agricultural carbon emissions and its mechanism pathways
Published: 2024-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This paper utilizes provincial macro data from 2011 to 2020 to thoroughly investigate the impact of rural digitization on agricultural carbon emissions. The research findings reveal that rural digitization significantly reduces agricultural carbon emissions, a conclusion confirmed through robustness and endogeneity tests. Using a "technology effect-knowledge effect" logical framework, it is found [...]