Preprints
There are 5347 Preprints listed.
Current and Future Impacts of Lithium Carbonate from Brines: A Global Regionalized Life Cycle Assessment Model
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Engineering
Lithium (Li) is essential for decarbonization strategies, such as electric vehicles and renewable energy storage, experiencing the largest growth rates among metals required for low-carbon technologies. To meet this demand, the raw materials sector must increase current capacities and develop new ones at untapped deposits. Understanding life cycle impacts is crucial to avoid severe environmental [...]
Flooding, nonlinear dynamics and Jensen’s inequality: Analyzing the damping and amplification of inundation extent with river discharge nonstationarity
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Hydrology, Risk Analysis
Performance of a bioreactor using HCC fillers for sewage treatment
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The experiments prepared bio-fillers using corn cobs as raw materials. Heat modification was identified as the optimal method by comparing the physical and chemical properties (roughness, porosity, water immersion stability, and compressive strength) of unmodified, acid modified, alkali modified, and heat modified corn cobs. Subsequently, the heat modification conditions were optimized, and the [...]
Fossil hypercalcified sponges; types, relationships and geological history
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Life Sciences
Hypercalcified sponges are poriferans with a calcareous skeleton secreted on and in the soft tissue. Living examples and fossils of some such sponges in Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata contain sponge spicules and can be classified within modern poriferan groups of the Classes Demospongiae and Calcarea, which are otherwise almost entirely soft-bodied. However, other fossil forms, largely Palaeozoic [...]
Three-Dimensional Multitrack Electrical Conductivity Method for Interpretation of Complex Ice Core Stratigraphy
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Glaciology
Recent ice cores from the Allan Hills, a blue ice area in Antarctica, are nearly 3 million years old. These cores extend ice core chronologies, enabling new insight into key climate periods such as the Mid-Pleistocene Transition. The interpretation of these climate records is complex because of the disturbed stratigraphy in this ice. Here we present a new three- dimensional multitrack electrical [...]
Volcanic and Magmatic Studies Group Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Report 2024
Published: 2024-11-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Volcanic and Magmatic Studies Group (VMSG) aims to provide a constructive, supportive, inclusive and professionally stimulating environment for all members, where all in the community are welcome and valued. In 2020, VMSG published the first VMSG Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Report, which summarised statistics about the gender of attendees and presenters at annual meetings between 2016 [...]
Examining quality of DGNSS derived positioning in data in urban city- A case study of an urban city in India
Published: 2024-11-12
Subjects: Engineering
GNSS observations are carried out in static mode/ Differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) and dynamic mode / Real time Kinematics (RTK) mainly. RTK mode of observation is useful in case of navigation whereas in order to determine very precise positioning, static / DGNSS/ DGPS mode is recommended. In this study, we have examined the quality of DGNSS survey of an urban city in India [...]
Automatic detection of number of aircrafts over satellite data using deep learning
Published: 2024-11-12
Subjects: Engineering
: Instance segmentation is a novel technique to automatically detect and count the number of objects from satellite imagery for various applications using deep learning frameworks such as Mask-RCNN and YOLO. In this paper, we have implemented the YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 instance segmentation models on high-resolution satellite imagery (0.31m to 1.74m) of both panchromatic (16-bit PAN) and [...]
Contrasting impact of irrigation on farmworker heat stress in day and night in intensely irrigated agricultural lands of California
Published: 2024-11-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Farmworkers, the ‘frontline workers’ of our food system, are often exposed to heat stress that is likely to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change. Irrigation can exacerbate heat stress, quantification of which is crucial in intensely irrigated agricultural lands such as the Imperial Valley (IV) in southern California. We present high-resolution maps of wet bulb globe [...]
Sensing the dynamic nature of fragmented croplands in India through earth observation: a comprehensive review
Published: 2024-11-10
Subjects: Agriculture, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Food Science, Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science
Fragmentation or the breakdown of landholdings to smaller parcels has an adverse impact on crop yields and productivity because of its uneconomic operational sizes. This comprehensive review reflects the insights into the complex dynamics of small landholding (SLs) in India by leveraging earth observation (EO) based sensing technology through synthesizing existing literature, methodologies and [...]
Dictionary Learning with Convolutional Structure for Seismic Data Denoising and Interpolation
Published: 2024-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Engineering, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Signal Processing
Seismic data inevitably suffers from random noise and missing traces in field acquisition. This limits the utilization of seismic data for subsequent imaging or inversion applications. Recently, dictionary learning has gained remarkable success in seismic data denoising and interpolation. Variants of the patch-based learning technique, such as the K-SVD algorithm, have been shown to improve [...]
Pycnocline Stratification Shapes Submesoscale Vertical Tracer Transport
Published: 2024-11-08
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Pycnocline stratification is increasing across multiple ocean basins due to a warming surface ocean and increasing sea ice melt. Pycnocline stratification plays a leading order role in tracer transport, shaping capacity for heat and carbon uptake, making it a key parameter of interest on timescales ranging from paleoclimate to plankton blooms. Part of the challenge in assessing the role of [...]
Micro-CT Characterization of the Chang’e 5 Lunar Regolith Samples
Published: 2024-11-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Chang’e-5 (CE-5) lunar regolith samples were scanned using X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and over 0.7 million particles were extracted from the images through machine learning-based segmentation. This is the largest three-dimensional (3D) image dataset on lunar regolith particles to date, offering a unique opportunity to study the key characteristics of lunar regolith. The image [...]
Clinopyroxene archives of magma redox in ocean island basalts: insights from thermodynamic modelling
Published: 2024-11-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Determination of Water Quality Beside the Industrial Area of Turag River in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Published: 2024-11-07
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering
The study deals with assessing water quality parameters including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), temperature, transparency, and turbidity of the Turag River in Gazipur, Bangladesh based on the standards of the Department of Environment (DoE) in Bangladesh and the Environmental Quantity Standard (EQS). The [...]