Preprints
There are 5427 Preprints listed.
Tracking Drought Impacts from Texts: Towards AI-Assisted Drought Impact Detection
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology
Drought is recognized for its extensive and varied impacts. Based on the drought-related textual datasets from the National Drought Mitigation Center, our research applies advanced artificial intelligence techniques, including deep learning and natural language processing, to enhance the monitoring of multifaceted drought impacts in the United States. This study also delves into predicting [...]
Easing population to 4 billion by 2200 would help people and nature
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The past century of increases in human population and resource consumption has produced some undesirable effects, ranging from environmental degradation to climate change to political unrest. We are accustomed to seeing these dependent variables charted with time on the x-axis. But this study presents metrics of biodiversity, consumption, and pollution and their extremely strong correlations when [...]
Innovation-based Methods for Estimating Observation Error Variances During Ensemble Data Assimilation
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Comprehensive global dataset of 300,000 uniformly processed shear-wave splitting measurements with regular updates
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic anisotropy can inform us about convective flow in the mantle. Shear waves traveling through azimuthally anisotropic regions split into fast and slow pulses, and measuring the resulting shear-wave splitting provides some of the most direct insights into Earth’s interior dynamics. Shear-wave splitting is a constraint for path-averaged azimuthal anisotropy and is often studied regionally, [...]
Global industrial disruption following nuclear war
Published: 2024-12-05
Subjects: Agriculture, International and Area Studies, Other Geography, Risk Analysis
Nuclear war poses catastrophic risks not only through its immediate effects and potential nuclear winter, but also through the disruption of industrial production on which modern civilization depends. In this study we estimate the reduction in global industrial output following a US-Russia nuclear war, as well as a more limited India-Pakistan exchange, by combining geospatial analysis with [...]
Harmonised airborne laser scanning products can address the limitations of large-scale spaceborne vegetation mapping
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Life Sciences
Vegetation structure data are essential for understanding the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and for informing various science-policy interfaces. Recent years have seen a growing demand for high-resolution data on vegetation structure, driving the prediction of such metrics at fine resolutions (1 m - 30 m) at state, continental, and global scales by combining satellite data with machine [...]
Smoke in your eyes: Investigating the effects of wind power on weather trends and climate using time series analysis
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Climate
Time series analysis developed in the previous report [1] for UK mean summer temperature has been applied to further examples of weather trends, including temperature, rainfall and Sahara dust, and so at global, regional, national and local levels, in an attempt to assess whether wind power is having a deleterious effect on weather patterns. The analysis involves detrending weather data by [...]
Investigating the recommendations and governmental actions to address the emerging risks of vector-borne diseases in Canada’s changing climate: A scoping review
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Public Health
Climate change is expected to increase the risks associated with vector-borne diseases, and its implications for human health are already observed across Canada. The objective of this review was to investigate the recommended adaptation strategies related to the risks associated with vector-borne diseases and examine how various levels of government in Canada are executing these recommended [...]
A Millimeter-Scale Change in Leaf Litter Placement Within Soil-Water Interfaces Alters Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emission
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Soil Science, Sustainability
Flooded soils play a critical role in global carbon cycling, serving as significant reservoirs of soil organic carbon and sources of carbon emissions. Leaf litter, particularly from local vegetation, is a major contributor to soil organic carbon formation in these ecosystems, with its decomposition driving the production of carbon dioxide and methane. While numerous studies have investigated the [...]
Intensifying tropical cyclones associated with more frequent hazardous material pipeline failures
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Engineering
Over 30,000 hazardous material pipeline (HMP) failures have been reported in the US since 1970, associated with 274 fatalities, 1,120 injuries, and nearly $11 billion in damages. Tropical cyclones are under-recognized as drivers of pipeline failures, mainly because failures aren't associated with tropical cyclones on operator-generated incidence reports, limiting analysis. This study defines [...]
WITHDRAWN: Green-Oriented Transition of the Manufacturing in the Digital Economy: A System Dynamics Perspective
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Environmental Studies
withdrawn.
Geoscience for Earth Stewardship, Sustainability and Human Well-being: a conceptual framework for integrating planet, prosperity and people
Published: 2024-12-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There is a growing view that the mission of the Earth sciences ought to be reframed around the global sustainability agenda, and specifically the grand challenges of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Yet the SDGs are criticised for lacking a coherent sense of the complex interconnections and synergies between its economic, environmental and social ambitions, for maintaining the impetus of [...]
An Integrated Geothermal Resource Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis in Presidio County of the Trans-Pecos Region of Texas
Published: 2024-11-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Presidio County of the Trans-Pecos region of Texas has substantial, undeveloped geothermal resources. We conduct a thorough, multi-scale characterization of geothermal resources and assess techno-economics for power generation and direct use facilities. We integrate surface geology, high-resolution gravity, borehole geophysical logs, and core data for subsurface characterization and carry out [...]
Machine Learning Predicts Pedestrian Wind Flow from Urban Morphology and Prevailing Wind Direction
Published: 2024-11-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Pedestrian-level wind plays a critical role in shaping the urban microclimate and is significantly influenced by urban form and geometry. The most common method for determining spatial wind speed patterns in cities relies on numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which resolve Navier-Stokes equations around buildings. While effective, these simulations are computationally [...]
Predictive modeling of seismic wave fields: Learning the transfer function using encoder-decoder networks
Published: 2024-11-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wouldn't it be beneficial if we could predict the time series at a seismic station even if the station no longer exists? In geophysical data analysis, this capability would enhance our ability to study and monitor seismic events and seismic noise, particularly in regions with incomplete station coverage or where stations are temporarily offline. This study introduces a novel adaption of [...]