Preprints
There are 6333 Preprints listed.
Temporal dynamics of biotic homogenization and differentiation across marine fish communities
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Marine Biology
Humans have transformed ecosystems through habitat modification, harvesting, species introduction, and climate change. Changes in species distribution and composition are often thought to induce biotic homogenization, defined as a decline in spatial beta diversity through time. However, it is unclear whether homogenization is common in ocean ecosystems and if changes in beta diversity exhibit [...]
Topic: Mobility as Climate Change Adaptation in South Africa: Exploring the legal and policy significance of Artificial Intelligence.
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The increasing reality of mobility linked to adverse impacts of climate change highlights an urgent need for nuanced and systematic research around climate mobility. While mobility is often used as a coping or adaptation strategy to escape climate impact, some mobility typifies and results in maladaptation. Protecting populations in vulnerable situations usually raises issues that test the limits [...]
Assessing Temporal Drought Severity in Kenya's Arid And Semi-Arid Landscape Using Google Earth Engine and the Normalized Difference Drought Index
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Arid and Semi-Arid Lands have witnessed a surge in extreme climatic events with devastating environmental and livelihood effects. Understanding the dynamics of these extreme events, including drought, is essential for anticipatory action among resource-dependent communities. This study utilised Earth Observatory Systems and Google Earth Engine to analyse 24 years of Normalised Difference Drought [...]
Waterlogging, Health and Healthcare Access in Southwest Bangladesh
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Public Health
Waterlogging, a form of stagnant flooding, is increasingly affecting southwest Bangladesh and is expected to intensify with the expansion of shrimp farming and climate change, contributing to environmental degradation. However, its impacts on health, health service utilisation and household health expenditures remain poorly understood. We conducted a quantitative study between August and [...]
Heatwave Characteristics in Different Ecosystems across Türkiye: Historical and Future Insights from CMIP6 Simulations
Published: 2025-04-19
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology
Heatwaves pose significant threats to diverse sectors, including agriculture and forestry. This extreme weather event is characterized by prolonged periods of exceptionally high air temperatures and has caused substantial economic damage and affecting millions. During heatwave events, agricultural and forest lands are affected by intensified thermal stress and water scarcity, impacting plant [...]
A comprehensive calibration framework for the Northwest River Forecast Center
Published: 2025-04-19
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Hydrology, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering
In this paper we present a comprehensive framework developed by the Northwest River Forecast Center (NWRFC) for calibration of arbitrary hydrologic basins. The framework includes hydrology, snow, routing, channel loss, and consumptive use models. Data inputs include a wide range of open access datasets for land use, land cover, and meteorology. The framework can handle basins with diverse [...]
Simulation of multiply scattered elastic waves with 3D wave-equation and radiative transfer equation for displacements and their gradients
Published: 2025-04-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this study, we investigate the behavior of seismic waves in a highly scattering medium using numerical simulations of the full wavefield, based on Spectral Element Method solutions of the wave equation. The simulated 3D elastic medium was designed with Von Kármán-correlated heterogeneity, providing a realistic representation of the complexities present in natural seismic environments. We [...]
Infrared Backradiation under low humidity conditions: An Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Impact
Published: 2025-04-19
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study examines the impact of greenhouse gases (GHG) on infrared back radiation (IRBR) in extreme desert and midlatitude winter conditions. Employing MODTRAN simulations, pyrgeometer measurements and energy balance fit models, we assess the impacts of CO₂, Argon (Ar), N2O and R-134a. Results indicate that increasing CO₂ concentrations yield a very limited additional IRBR effect, whereas [...]
Evaluating the role of observational uncertainty in climate impact assessments: Temperature-driven yellow fever risk in South America
Published: 2025-04-18
Subjects: Medicine and Health Sciences
Global gridded temperature data sets (GGTDs) vary in their information sources, quality control procedures, generation techniques, and spatial-temporal resolutions, introducing observational uncertainty. This uncertainty is critical not only for studies on current climate conditions but also for future climate change projections, where observational data sets are used for bias correction and [...]
A controlled release experiment for investigating methane measurement performance at landfills
Published: 2025-04-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We assessed the performance of various methane measurement solutions in landfill applications. A measurement solution is defined as a system or market offering that quantifies and/or localizes emissions. Our study involved full-scale multipoint- and area-source (dispersed) controlled releases of methane from the ground surface of a closed 25-hectare landfill with collection system and a [...]
Oxic conditions in shallow marine settings during the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction
Published: 2025-04-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The concept that ultra-shallow marine anoxia was a major cause of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction was partly based on sections from the Dolomites (Italy). We test this hypothesis by re-examining the Dolomites record, utilizing an updated redox sensitive trace metal (V, U and Mo) approach, combined with Fe speciation and Th/U ratios, and paleontological observations. Redox sensitive trace [...]
Floods and Water Management in Chiang Mai and the Upper Ping catchment, Northern Thailand
Published: 2025-04-17
Subjects: Geomorphology, Hydrology, Sedimentology, Water Resource Management
The city of Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand has been subject to regular major floods in the past couple of decades. In this review, we provide some background information on the hydrology of Upper Ping river catchment, the hydrogeology of the Chiang Mai – Lamphun basin, historical records of hydrological events in the area and more recent depictions of major floods. In the second part of this [...]
Artificial Intelligence in the polycrisis: fueling or fighting flames?
Published: 2025-04-16
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly entangled with the polycrisis—persistent, interconnected disruptions shaping the Anthropocene. Using the Anthropocene Traps framework, we analyze 14 structural, self-reinforcing dynamics, revealing how AI both reinforces and potentially counteracts polycrisis. While AI may enhance information gathering, efficiency, and ecological research, it also [...]
ANALYSING THE PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION WITH RESPECT TO FOOD SECURITY IN INDIAN CONTEXT
Published: 2025-04-16
Subjects: Education, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Ending hunger, achieving food security and sustainable agriculture is the second Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) out of seventeen SDGs of United Nations and it aims to ensure food security and nutrition to each individual globally. Plant varieties protection (PVP)and plant breeders’ rights protection agreements and laws like International Union for the Protection of New varieties of Plant [...]
What the landscape can tell: An integrative stratigraphic prospection approach for localizing a Black Death mass grave in Erfurt/Central Germany
Published: 2025-04-15
Subjects: Life Sciences
The Black Death pandemic (1346-53) has caused a 30-50% population decline across Europe. For the city of Erfurt in Thuringia, substantial human losses and corresponding mass graves are well-documented in historical archives. The aim of our study is to localize these mass graves in the deserted village of Neuses in order to validate the written sources and to obtain skeletal remains for future [...]