Preprints
There are 6105 Preprints listed.
Stratigraphic influence on emplacement and 3-dimensional structure of a large mafic sill in sedimentary strata
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Sills are fundamental elements of volcanic plumbing systems emplaced, among other, in sedimentary basins. Even though sills are commonly considered simple, straight concordant igneous sheets, they are actually complex 3-dimensional objects. The detailed knowledge of the 3D structure of sills and their host rock is of primary relevance to better constraining the emplacement mechanisms and the [...]
Feasibility of Time-Lapse Surface Seismic for CO2 Monitoring: A Case Study from the Decatur CCS Site, Illinois, United States
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We study the feasibility of time-lapse surface seismic to detect and monitor CO2 plume movement over the time at the onshore Decatur CCS site, United States. We develop and test a workflow, integrating results from subsurface characterization, dynamic flow simulation, rock physics, time-lapse fluid saturation logs, and operational information to model surface seismic responses of the [...]
Quantifying Changes in Water Loading in the U.S. Southwest via Comparison of GNSS, GRACE, and SWE Datasets
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
The synthesis of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravimetry data and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) displacement data provides improved models of surface water hydrology. Much work remains to be done to understand the hydrological signal present in complementary geodetic data in much of the Western U.S., especially the Colorado River basin which comprises a diversity of [...]
Insights into plume-ridge-transform fault interactions as derived from 3D numerical geodynamic modelling of the Azores Triple Junction
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The Azores Archipelago is an igneous province located in the centre of the Atlantic Ocean marked by a large bathymetric plateau with a complex tectonic history. Over the last 10 Myr, this region has been shaped by the interaction between the Azores plume, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), and the Gloria Fault zone. This complex interaction was characterised namely by the transition from a [...]
Advancing forest disturbance economics – assessing the impacts on timberland returns requires consistent economic approaches
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Forest Sciences
The discussion about economically optimal forest ecosystem management is almost as old as forest science. Continuous cover forestry renounces removing the tree canopy of forest ecosystems. In contrast, clear fell forestry suggests harvesting all trees at once to replace the crop trees with young trees. Assuming occurrence probabilities for stands of different ages, a study by Kärenlampi [...]
Removal of Cd (II) and Zn (II) ions from Aqueous Solutions using Carbonized and Functionalized Persea americana Root Stem Powder
Published: 2025-01-30
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The ability of carbonized and modified avocado (Persea americana) root stem powder (C-PA and M-PA) to remediate Cadmium (Cd (II)) and Zinc (Zn (II)) contamination in aqueous solution was studied by varying the carbonization temperature, particle size of the adsorbent, adsorption temperature, pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose and adsorbate concentration. Scanning electron microscopy [...]
The role of microscopic displacement dynamics for underground hydrogen versus natural gas storage in fractured reservoirs
Published: 2025-01-30
Subjects: Engineering
Repurposing natural gas (methane) storage facilities to hydrogen storage leverages existing infrastructure to address seasonal energy demand-supply fluctuations. However, the differences in the injection-withdrawal cycle between hydrogen and methane-brine systems remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigate the pore-scale two-phase flow dynamics of hydrogen (H$_2$), methane (CH$_4$), and [...]
Computer vision-based measurement of stormwater discharge: proof-of-concept
Published: 2025-01-29
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Stormwater systems, as infrastructure draining urban water runoff into water bodies, are pivotal in preserving municipal functionality while they play an important hydrological and environmental role. As such, the ability to reliably monitor stormwater outflow in many locations could provide valuable information for water managers. However, in most cases stormwater outlets have not been designed [...]
Large earthquakes are more predictable than smaller ones
Published: 2025-01-29
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Large earthquakes have been viewed as highly chaotic events regardless of their magnitude, making their prediction intrinsically challenging. Here, we develop a mathematical tool to incorporate multiscale physics, capable of describing both deterministic and chaotic systems, to model earthquake rupture. Our findings suggest that the chaotic behavior of seismic dynamics, that is, its sensitivity [...]
Wood gasification in catastrophes: Electricity production from light duty vehicles
Published: 2025-01-28
Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Following global catastrophic infrastructure loss (GCIL), traditional electricity networks would be unavailable, necessitating alternative solutions to sustain critical services, such as decentralized electricity generation from wood gas. This study explores the feasibility of using modified light duty vehicles to self-sustain electricity generation by producing wood chips for wood gasification. [...]
SpartANN - Spectral Pattern Analysis and Remote-sensing Tool with Artificial Neural Networks
Published: 2025-01-28
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Geography, Remote Sensing, Software Engineering
Remote sensing, particularly from satellite observation, has become the standard tool for monitoring the planet with a steady increase of data production, and has seen wide application in ecosystem services analysis and management. Many remote sensing applications involve image classification, using methods from simple regressions to complex machine learning approaches that require advanced user [...]
Pre-eruptive reservoir conditions of the peralkaline Rungwe Pumice (Tanzania) Plinian eruption from haüyne-hosted melt inclusions
Published: 2025-01-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The style and explosivity of volcanic eruptions are primarily governed by the interplay between conduit dynamics (e.g., magma ascent rate and degassing efficiency) and pre-eruptive magmatic conditions, both of which influence magma rheology. In highly alkaline magmas (i.e., agpaitic index > 1), the depolymerising effect of alkaline elements lowers melt viscosity at a given temperature, [...]
Challenges in Integrating Dissolved Organic Matter Chemodiversity into Kinetic Models of Soil Respiration
Published: 2025-01-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Soil Science
The chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil has been proposed to influence the microbial metabolism and fate of belowground organic carbon (C). However, effectively integrating DOM chemistry into soil C cycle models to improve predictions of C stocks and fluxes—beyond simply considering DOM pool size—remains a challenge. While recent research suggests that incorporating DOM [...]
Interpretable biome-aligned temperature zones for climate classification via average monthly temperatures
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
We introduce temperature zones based on average monthly temperatures that closely align with biome boundaries, intended for use in climate classification. This new system retains the simplicity and interpretability of existing classifications, such as those of Köppen-Geiger and Trewartha, while providing an improved fit to biome boundaries. Unlike previous classifications, we developed our system [...]
A bipolar convection seesaw explains Earth system response to Heinrich events
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Climate, Oceanography