Preprints
There are 4717 Preprints listed.
Carbon Negative Geothermal: Techno-Economic Analysis of Geothermal Energy combined with Direct and Biomass-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal
Published: 2023-06-22
Subjects: Other Engineering
Limiting global temperature rise to between 1.5 and 2°C will likely require widespread deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies for sectors with hard-to-abate emissions. As financial resources for decarbonization are finite, strategic deployment of CDR technologies is essential for maximizing atmospheric CO2 reductions. Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), using either direct [...]
The weather does not support farmers: an exploratory qualitative study in Kavre district, Nepal.
Published: 2023-06-22
Subjects: Public Health
Kavre district, Nepal, is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts, including increases in erratic rainfall, drought, floods, and landslides. As gender roles, culture, age, physical and physiological characteristics increase, mainly Nepalese women's and children's, health risks associated with climate change and air pollution, listening to and learning from women is critical. This study [...]
Cohesional behaviours in volcanic material and the implications for deposit architecture.
Published: 2023-06-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Pyroclastic Density Currents (PDCs) are hazardous, multiphase currents of heterogeneous volcanic material and gas. Their high mobility can be partially attributed to fluidisation mechanisms. Moisture (as liquid or gas) can enter a PDC through external (e.g., interaction with bodies of water) or internal (e.g., initial eruptive activity style) processes and presence of moisture can be recorded [...]
Technological Maturity of Aircraft-Based Methane Sensing for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Published: 2023-06-22
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Methane is a major contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying large sources of methane, particularly from the oil and gas sector, will be essential for mitigating climate change. Aircraft-based methane sensing platforms can rapidly detect and quantify methane point-source emissions across large geographic regions, playing an increasingly important role in industrial [...]
Information trust and groundwater management: Evaluating the role of formal versus informal information sources in adoption of groundwater conservation practices among California farmers
Published: 2023-06-21
Subjects: Agriculture
The future of farming in many water-stressed regions will depend in large part upon sustainable management of groundwater. Understanding the drivers associated with uptake of groundwater conservation practices in agriculture is thus critical for policy, programmatic, and technical support development. While a rich body of research has explored farmers’ conservation practice adoption, [...]
Improving the relevance of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways for sustainability science
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Sustainability
Sustainability science is a discipline which is strongly concerned with exploring the achievement of sustainable futures. One way in which this is done is through scenarios. The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), developed for climate science, have been widely adopted by modellers to analyse sustainable futures. We question whether the SSPs are fit-for-purpose for examining sustainable [...]
Explainable Machine Learning for Hydrocarbon Prospect Risking
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Statistics and Probability
Hydrocarbon prospect risking integrates information from multiple geophysical data and modalities to arrive at a probability of success for a given prospect. The DHI database of drilled prospects gathers data from prospects drilled around the world in multiple geologic settings in one central knowledge base. A major goal of interest to geophysicists is to understand the impact of various seismic [...]
Towards Understanding the Geospatial Skills of ChatGPT: Taking a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Exam
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Education, Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Higher Education, Other Geography, Science and Mathematics Education, Spatial Science
This paper examines the performance of ChatGPT, a large language model (LLM), in a geographic information systems (GIS) exam. As LLMs like ChatGPT become increasingly prevalent in various domains, including education, it is important to understand their capabilities and limitations in specialized subject areas such as GIS. Human learning of spatial concepts significantly differs from LLM training [...]
Possible Eoarchean records of the geomagnetic field preserved in the Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern west Greenland
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We present paleomagnetic field tests that hint that a record of Earth’s 3.7-billion-year (Ga) old magnetic field may be preserved as a chemical remanent magnetization acquired during amphibolite-grade metamorphism in the banded iron formation from the northeastern Isua Supracrustal Belt. Multiple petrological and geochronological lines of evidence indicate that the northern most part of Isua has [...]
Adaptive Finetuning of 3D CNNs with Interpretation Uncertainty for Seismic Fault Prediction
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Signal Processing
3D CNNs can exploit the full extent of spatial information in seismic volumes to predict faults. They require large quantities of training data, but this issue has been mitigated by training such networks with large amounts of synthetic training data to apply afterwards on real datasets. Because of domain shift, pre-trained networks may fail to perform as expected, emphasizing the need to [...]
Global Inventory of Dissolved CO2 Sequestration Potential in Geothermal Systems
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Engineering, Other Engineering
Geothermal electricity generation has low carbon emissions compared to hydrocarbon alternatives. Nevertheless, recent attention on emissions of magmatic CO2 and other non-condensable gases (NCG) has prompted interest in their capture and reinjection. The geothermal industry is uniquely placed to effect CO2 sequestration due to existing reinjection infrastructure (e.g., wells, pipes, pumps) and [...]
Aeolian dust accretion outpaces erosion in the formation of Mediterranean alpine soils. New evidence from the periglacial zone of Mount Olympus, Greece
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Soil formation in Mediterranean periglacial landscapes remains poorly understood as the interplay between erosion and aeolian dust accretion in providing parent materials, and mineral weathering and pedogenesis, as dominant post depositional processes, depends on a variety of local and regional factors. Herein, we investigate the balance between erosion and aeolian dust accretion in the formation [...]
A framework for estimating the anthropogenic part of Antarctica’s sea level contribution in a synthetic setting
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The relative contributions of anthropogenic climate change and internal variability in sea level rise from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are yet to be determined. Even the way to address this question is not yet clear, since these two are linked through ice-ocean feedbacks and probed using ice sheet models with substantial uncertainty. Here we demonstrate how their relative contributions can be [...]
HydroCompute: An Open-Source Web-Based Computational Library for Hydrology and Environmental Sciences
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Engineering
We present HydroCompute, a high-performance client-side computational library specifically designed for web-based hydrological and environmental science applications. Leveraging state-of-the-art technologies in web-based scientific computing, the library facilitates both sequential and parallel simulations, optimizing computational efficiency. Employing multithreading via web workers, [...]
Eddy-mean flow interaction with a Multiple Scale Quasi Geostrophic model
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Parameterization of mesoscale eddies in coarse resolution ocean models are necessary to include the effect of eddies on the large-scale oceanic circulation. We propose to use a multiple-scale quasi geostrophic model to capture the eddy dynamics that develop in response to a prescribe large-scale flow. The multiple scale quasi geostrophic model consists in extending the traditional quasi [...]