Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Knowledge for ambitious, integrated, value-explicit and just collective actions towards global biodiversity targets
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Biodiversity, Nature and Society Relations
Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) agreed upon goals and targets for biodiversity in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). The success of the GBF depends on the collective actions of the Parties, i.e. member states, to the CBD. Essential challenges in this context include ensuring that efforts across Parties are sufficient to collectively meet global [...]
Nearly three decades of laser altimetry reveal strong regional contrasts and glacier-driven ice losses in Greenland
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Greenland Ice Sheet, a major contributor to sea-level rise, loses mass through complex processes that are not fully understood. Laser altimetry provides direct and accurate measurements of ice sheet surface elevation. Here, we present the first continuous, laser altimetry-based annual reconstruction of Greenland Ice Sheet mass change from 1994 to 2020 at 1 km horizontal resolution. Our novel [...]
Open ocean biogeochemical impacts of extreme terrestrial precipitation
Published: 2025-09-23
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Extreme events reshape ocean ecosystems with significant implications for nutrient and carbon cycling. Here, we demonstrate that flooding on land can be a significant driver of biogeochemical variability in the open ocean, even in relatively dry climates. Using satellite observations, in situ measurements, and Lagrangian particle tracking, we present evidence that freshwater discharge from [...]
Poor environmental conditions, food and water insecurity, neighborhood perceptions, and self-reported physical and mental health in four disadvantaged urban communities in Salvador, Brazil: a cross-sectional study.
Published: 2026-04-02
Subjects: Public Health
Emerging evidence suggests an association between environmental conditions and mental well-being. While the physical health impacts of environmental exposures such as contaminated drinking water or open sewers are well-documented with respect to the spread of infectious diseases, the mental health implications of these poor environmental conditions and exposures are less well understood, [...]
Carbon mineralization in CO2-seawater-basalt systems: Reactive transport dynamics and vesicular pore architecture controls
Published: 2026-03-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Carbon mineralization in basaltic rocks offers a promising pathway for rapid, permanent CO2 storage, yet the fundamental controls on reactive transport, precipitation patterns, and permeability evolution under seawater conditions remain poorly constrained. This study integrates flow-through column experiments at 80°C with CO2-acidified seawater, geochemical modeling, and multi-scale pore imaging [...]
Did Seattle go silent during the Superbowl?
Published: 2026-02-12
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Large-scale cultural events such as sports games and music concerts are known to cause localised seismic excitation above background noise levels. In this paper we investigate whether a comparable far-field 'quietening' could be observed during Superbowl LX (February 8, 2026) in the city of Seattle, hometown of the Seattle Seahawks, as people stayed indoors to watch the game. We find that a [...]
Megadyke propagation down dynamic topography
Published: 2025-08-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Magmatic dykes that align vertically and extend laterally for hundreds to thousands of kilometres are known as megadykes. Observations of solidified megadyke swarms indicate that they have a common magma source and a characteristic run-out length. There is no consensus on what determines this length. We develop quantitative predictions to test the hypothesis that run-out length is set by the [...]
Regional Economic Impacts and Emission Responses under Solar Radiation Modification
Published: 2026-04-20
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Nature and Society Relations, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) has been proposed as a potential tool to limit increases in global or regional temperatures caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. While previous research has extensively examined the climate system's response to various SRM strategies, as well as their aggregate economic consequences, the regional distribution of economic impacts has received less [...]
A suspended adsorbent filter for arsenic removal from water to address UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Published: 2026-02-11
Subjects: Engineering
Magnetite particles are widely recognized as green and sustainable material for advanced water treatment. The magnetite particles are synthesized through a simple electrochemical process at room temperature from an iron-based electrode immersed in an alkaline aqueous medium at pH 10.5. Arsenic adsorption kinetics were rapid, and adsorption reaction can reach equilibrium within 10 minutes [...]
The Future of EO-Enabled SDG 11.3.1 Monitoring Through Uncertainty-Aware Forecasting of Urban Land-Use Efficiency
Published: 2026-01-17
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series, Natural Resource Economics, Sustainability
Earth observation (EO) has become central to monitoring progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG Indicator 11.3.1, which assesses land-use efficiency (LUE) through the ratio of land consumption rate (LCR) to population growth rate (PGR). Current EO-based implementations remain predominantly retrospective and deterministic, relying on historical mappings of [...]
Evidence of a ULVZ near Vanuatu from Sdiff postcursors
Published: 2026-02-06
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Thin anomalous structures known as ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) have been found on the core-mantle boundary (CMB) and have extreme velocity reductions. These features are detected due to their effect on seismic waves that travel through them, typically producing precursors or postcursors. In this study we use postcursors to shear core-diffracted waves (Sdiff+) that sample the CMB near Vanuatu [...]
Data-driven control reveals distributed flood adaptation priorities across large river networks
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dynamical Systems, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
In the face of growing flood risks, decentralized adaptation measures like detention storage, enhanced infiltration, and floodplain reconnection have the potential to mitigate flood impacts at the river basin scale. However, optimal spatial allocation of flood control measures is complicated by the high dimensionality of hydrologic systems and the sensitivity of proposed strategies to climate [...]
Conceptual challenges in astrobiological analog environments and paths toward resolution
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Biology, Other Life Sciences, Other Planetary Sciences, Planetary Sciences
Analog environments are terrestrial environments that resemble extraterrestrial sites; this concept originated in space sciences for defining methods to study planetary geology, training for missions and testing research instruments. As biological research became integrated into these investigations - through studies of limits for life and possible biosignatures - and astrobiology grew as a [...]
Governing Generative AI in Disaster Risk Management
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Risk Analysis
The increasing frequency and severity of climate-related disasters, as well as scarcity of resources to counter them, highlight the urgent need for advanced tools in assessing and managing natural hazards. Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence offer new avenues to enhance disaster risk management. Among these advancements, large language models (LLMs) hold potential for [...]
Deep-learning climate emulator ACE2 reveals a global decrease in tropical cyclone frequency in the 15th Century under an El Niño-like sea surface temperature pattern
Published: 2026-03-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The relatively short modern observational record limits our understanding of the relationship between global tropical cyclone (TC) frequency and sea surface temperature (SST), resulting in uncertain future TC projections. Using novel deep-learning-based past-millennium simulations with the Ai2 Climate Emulator version 2 (ACE2), we provide insight into the connections between SSTs and TCs. ACE2 [...]