Preprints
There are 8000 Preprints listed.
Shape of storms facilitates energy transfer from weather to deep ocean
Published: 2026-06-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Near inertial internal waves (NIWs) play a key role in transferring energy from extratropical storms into the ocean interior, where they drive turbulence that influences large scale circulation and climate. Efficient downward propaga- tion of NIW energy requires horizontal wavelengths of order 100 km, yet NIWs are conventionally assumed to be generated with much longer scales near 1000 [...]
Direct Dating of Lithic Cuts Using Cosmogenic Nuclides: A Methodological Proposal to Establish the Construction Chronology of Megalithic Megastructures
Published: 2026-06-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
ABSTRACT The chronology of megalithic megastructures is currently established through the analysis of organic matter — charcoal, bone, fibers — found in proximity to the constructions. This method dates the most recently documented human presence in the vicinity of a structure. It does not date the act of construction. If a temporal gap existed between the moment of construction and the moment of [...]
Unconformity-related rare earth element mineral potential of Australia
Published: 2026-01-28
Subjects: Geology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Other Earth Sciences
Heavy rare earth elements (HREE) are critical for the transition to net zero in addition to being key to manufacturing defense technologies. Unconformity-related rare earth element (REE) deposits represent an important source of HREE, including key elements such as dysprosium (Dy) and terbium (Tb). Given the strategic importance of these critical minerals to the national economy, a national-scale [...]
Remote sensing of ammonia point sources at high spatial resolution with satellite-based imaging spectrometers
Published: 2026-06-23
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring
Ammonia (NH3) emissions play a key role in air pollution and the disruption of the nitrogen cycle. Global emissions of ammonia are expected to increase in the future, making their monitoring essential to better understand their impacts and to support effective environmental policies. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of satellite imaging spectrometers operating in the shortwave [...]
Agricultural land-use composition modulates hydroclimatic coupling of cropland water use efficiency under prolonged aridification: sub-watershed evidence from Chile's megadrought
Published: 2026-04-30
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
Cropland water-use efficiency (WUE; net primary productivity divided by actual evapotranspiration) is widely expected to improve under technological intensification, yet its response to prolonged aridification at regional scales is poorly understood. We analyzed spatiotemporal patterns of WUE across 127 Chilean agricultural sub-watersheds from 2001 to 2020, a period spanning an unprecedented [...]
Air quality and health impacts of Data Center electricity demand in the United States
Published: 2026-06-23
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence is associated with a substantial growth in electricity demand from data centers in the US, yet the resulting air quality and public health impacts remain poorly quantified. Data centers represent large, near-continuous demands that fundamentally alter power system dispatch and emissions. To quantify the ambient air pollution and associated premature [...]
Polygonal peatlands and treed peat plateau in Northwest Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada: Holocene development and permafrost dynamics
Published: 2026-05-17
Subjects: Life Sciences
Since the retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, peatland development in the Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) has been mainly influenced by postglacial isostatic rebound and climate. We studied the timing of permafrost aggradation and the successional trajectories of low Arctic and subarctic polygonal peatlands and a northern boreal treed peat plateau in Wapusk National Park (WNP) in northwestern HBL. We [...]
Mixing-Limited Effective Reaction Rates in Porous Media: An Explicit Prediction from Pore-Scale Mixing
Published: 2026-06-14
Subjects: Geochemistry, Hydrology
Two solutes can share the same volume of a porous medium and still barely react, because sharing a volume is not the same as mixing. As the flow carries them, it stretches each into thin filaments that interleave through the pore space, and reaction is confined to the narrow fronts where those filaments meet. A continuum model that simply multiplies the average concentrations ignores this and [...]
3D inversions of magnetic and gravity data for the Yaouré region, Ivory Coast: a greenstone belt characterization
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology
We carried out 3D inverse modeling of full tensor gravity gradiometry data, its derived products (Tz and Tz residual), and magnetic data to recover the density and magnetic susceptibility distributions of the Yaouré Greenstone Belt in Ivory Coast, West Africa. The study area presents significant challenges: it lacks well-defined stratigraphy and structural measurements, and it lies close to the [...]
Novel Source Apportionment Methodologies for Secondary PM2.5 during Extreme Wintertime Meteorological Conditions in the Western U.S.
Published: 2026-06-14
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Traditional receptor-oriented source apportionment methods, such as positive matrix factorization and chemical mass balance, rely on vector-component analyses of robust observational records or pre-determined source fingerprints, respectively. These methods may struggle to resolve sources that are similar in composition due to source fingerprint collinearity. It is important to isolate [...]
Long-term increases in station-derived drought near Apalachicola National Forest, Florida
Published: 2026-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Long local weather records can reveal changes in drought exposure, but a drought index calculated at one station must be distinguished from soil-water measurements across a forest. We updated daily temperature and precipitation observations at Tallahassee airport and recomputed the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) with explicit quality control, rainfall interception, and missing-data rules. [...]
Condensation Radiation of Water Vapor Drives Diurnal Temperature Range Patterns
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The global distribution and variation of the Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) remain “an essential knowledge gap” in our understanding of climate dynamics in IPCC assessment reports. This study introduces the radiative mechanism of water vapor condensation as a novel physical driver of DTR dynamics. Contrary to classical heat conduction theory, which assumes latent heat transfers via temperature [...]
Who has rådighet? An agency-centred perspective on water conservation
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Water Resource Management
Water conservation is usually catalogued by technology, efficient fixtures, leak control, reuse, metering, process integration. That framing hides a stubborn fact: realised savings consistently fall short of engineering potential and often fade with time. Rebound, poor maintenance and behavioural decay explain part of the gap, but not all. We argue that a large share is an agency mismatch: the [...]
Applicability of Total Horizontal Potential-Difference Magnitude to 2D Inversion for Dipole-Dipole Array Data in Complex 3D Structures with Strong Resistivity Contrasts
Published: 2026-07-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Complex 3D subsurface structures with strong resistivity contrasts can cause the horizontal electric field to deviate substantially from the survey-line direction. Under such conditions, conventional 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), which relies only on the inline potential-difference component, may yield incomplete inversion results. Although full 3D interpretation using the [...]
Less is more: how to capture carbon efficiently – lessons from long-term rock weathering and soil development in natural warm temperate ecosystems.
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Other Environmental Sciences
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) has been proposed as a viable strategy to offset greenhouse gas emissions. The field is currently plagued by uncertainty in the rates of C capture through alkalinity export, resulting from variation in extent and lag due to soil exchange, secondary minerals, and effects on soil organic carbon. Provided are quantitative estimates for weathering losses in these pools [...]