Preprints
There are 8001 Preprints listed.
Revisiting Snoke’s (1987) Spectral Expressions: Coefficient Correction and Its Implications for Dynamic Insights
Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Source parameters such as seismic moment, corner frequency, stress drop, radiated energy, and apparent stress are often derived from the Brune (1970) source spectrum. Building on this, Andrews (1986) formulated analytical relations that link those parameters to spectral integrals of squared velocity and displacement, and Snoke (1987) introduced an approximation that enables their practical [...]
A Community-Oriented Flood Map Visualization and Evaluation Framework
Published: 2026-10-15
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Sciences, Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Software Engineering
Flood inundation maps are essential for preparedness, response, and long‐term risk mitigation, yet many existing visualization platforms remain limited by rigid data structures and region‐specific workflows. This study introduces FIMApp, a client‐side, web‐based framework and platform for integrating, visualizing, and comprehensively evaluating flood map products using standardized, portable data [...]
Spectral–Structural Divergence in Forest Extent under Land-Use Change: Threshold-Based Assessment Using GEDI LiDAR in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Published: 2026-03-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Forest degradation in rapidly urbanising tropical regions is often underestimated due to reliance on two-dimensional spectral indicators that inadequately capture vertical forest structure. This study evaluates the reliability of satellite-derived forest extent in Ekiti State, Nigeria, by integrating multi-sensor remote sensing data with spaceborne LiDAR from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics [...]
A proxy-based model of glacier thermal characteristics
Published: 2026-09-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics
This work presents a spatially lumped, computationally efficient model for estimating glacier thermal characteristics at a regional scale. We formulated proxies for the major englacial heat sources (meltwater refreezing and vertical shear strain heating) and heat transport mechanisms (downstream advection and vertical diffusion). We subsequently calculated these proxies for all glaciers in Alaska [...]
Station-trained air-quality forecasts without regional emission inventories
Published: 2026-10-31
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Atmospheric Sciences, Computer Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences
Air-quality forecasts rely on regional chemical transport models (CTMs) and emission inventories, which are uncertain in many regions and costly to update. Here we present SOLACE, whose inner forecast is trained on monitoring-station observations alone and evolves gridded concentration fields through explicit transport, layer exchange, sources and sinks. With 140,000 trained parameters and no [...]
The Cotton Line: Testing the Institutional Persistence of an Erased Colonial Land-Tenure Boundary Across Vidarbha's Agrarian and Vegetation Geography
Published: 2026-09-04
Subjects: Agriculture, Biodiversity, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography, International and Area Studies, Statistics and Probability
Can a provincial boundary abolished in 1956 still be detected in today's farmland? In the nineteenth century Berar, in western Vidarbha, was settled under the Ryotwari land-revenue system. The Central Provinces districts to the east were settled under Malguzari. On district lineage the old line matches the present boundary between Amravati and Nagpur Divisions, which I rebuild as a 384.7 km line [...]
Thin the heat-trapping blanket of superpollutants and CO2 to slow the rate of warming by half
Published: 2026-09-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences
With the collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) revealed as rate-dependent, it is critical to quickly cut the rate of warming in half, which would require an ambitious combination of fast mitigation of short-lived climate pollutants, CO2 mitigation, and removal of CO2 and other GHGs.
A convolutional, scale-adaptive framework for large-scale shoreline change modeling
Published: 2026-08-07
Subjects: Geomorphology
Understanding sandy beach evolution under geologic, hydrodynamic, morphologic, and anthropogenic influences, and particularly future climate variability and sea level rise, has become increasingly important. Several numerical models have been developed to simulate sandy beach evolution, ranging from high-fidelity, process-based models to reduced-complexity approaches, to data-driven and hybrid [...]
Directional Peak Factors of Strong-Motion Response Spectra: A Stochastic Field Representation on the Circle
Published: 2026-02-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Structural Engineering
Directional variability in horizontal earthquake ground motions is often addressed using orientation-independent intensity measures obtained by rotating the two horizontal components and summarizing the resulting response spectra. In contrast, the stochastic structure of directional peak factors, which connect second-order response measures to extreme response levels, has received limited [...]
RainCheck Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Gridded Precipitation Dataset Performance at Continental Scale
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Gridded rainfall products are indispensable for water resource management, agricultural monitoring, and disaster risk reduction across Africa, yet no systematic synthesis of their performance has been conducted. We present RainCheck Africa: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of 72 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025 evaluating satellite, reanalysis, and [...]
Drivers of The Daggers: Backstress-triggered fracture propagation on the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf, West Antarctica
Published: 2026-10-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The destabilization of ice shelves around Antarctica is not just a sea-level-rise priority, but an opportunity to observe and understand the mechanisms of ice-shelf failure. Recent studies show that ice shelves fail against their pinning points or ridges once sufficiently weakened by thinning and damage---a "backstress-triggered" failure mechanism that is not represented in ice-shelf collapse [...]
Beyond Black-Box Flood Susceptibility Mapping: An Explainable and Community-Validated GIS-Machine Learning Framework
Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Engineering
Floods are among the most destructive natural hazards, causing substantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and threats to human lives worldwide. Although Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and machine learning (ML) have significantly improved flood susceptibility mapping (FSM), many existing models remain difficult to interpret due to their black-box nature, limiting stakeholder [...]
Integrating Climate Change into Hydraulic Hazard Assessment: A Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Modeling Approach on the Muto Stream Basin
Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering
The Mediterranean basin is currently experiencing a profound shift in its climatological baseline, with extreme weather events striking coastal and inland catchments with unprecedented intensity. This changing paradigm forces engineers, hydrologists, and environmental planners to fundamentally rethink how spatial management and infrastructure design are approached. In this paper, we document and [...]
Global Gravitational-Resonant Waves in the Arctic Basin: Visualizing Hidden Ocean Macrodynamics using 22-Year Passive Microwave Radiometry Data
Published: 2026-06-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Hydrology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The dynamics of the Arctic Ocean's sea ice cover are traditionally viewed through the lens of atmospheric forcing, ocean currents, and thermodynamic processes. In this paper, we propose a fundamentally new paradigm: the sea ice cover acts not as an elastic membrane transmitting mechanical stress, but as a passive two-dimensional indicator (analogous to Chladni figures) that visualizes a [...]
SHiPA-LLM: Interpretable Regional Crop Production Estimation and Driver Analysis by Coupling Deep Learning with a Knowledge-Grounded Large Language Model
Published: 2026-08-13
Subjects: Remote Sensing
Under climate change, regional-scale crop production estimation requires not only stable numerical results, but also a traceable evidence chain that can support mechanism diagnosis and decision-making. Existing regional monitoring systems usually rely on stitching multi-source heterogeneous data with complex alignment procedures, and prediction and explanation are often separated, making it [...]