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Preprints

There are 5427 Preprints listed.

Decoding the Hysteretic Behavior of Hydraulic Variables in Lowland Rivers with Multivariate Monitoring Approaches

Marian Muste, Kyeongdong Kim, Dongsu Kim, et al.

Published: 2024-01-29
Subjects: Engineering

This paper demonstrates that the multivariate monitoring methods are capable to underpin the systematic investigation of the hysteretic behavior occurring during gradually-varied flows. For this purpose, we present simultaneous measurements of stage, index velocity, and free-surface slope acquired continuously with high-frequency sampling instruments deployed at several river gauging sites [...]

Non-target screening analysis reveals changes in the molecular composition of the Belukha Ice Core between the pre-industrial and industrial periods (1830-1980 CE)

Francois Burgay, Daniil Salionov, Thomas Singer, et al.

Published: 2024-01-29
Subjects: Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Ice cores are environmental archives that are used to reconstruct past changes in the atmospheric aerosol composition. Most ice-core studies have focused mainly on inorganic species and a few dozen organic molecules. However, organic compounds can account for up to 90% of the aerosol composition, meaning that only a fraction of the organic constituents has been studied, limiting our understanding [...]

WEATHERING OF SERPENTINITE STONE DUE TO IN SITU GENERATION OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM SULFATES

Rafael Navarro, Dolores Pereira, Elena Fernández de Arévalo, et al.

Published: 2024-01-25
Subjects: Engineering

This paper presents a thorough study of the main features and the decay causes and mechanisms of serpentinites both freshly quarried and after centuries exposure at the main façade of the sixteenth century Royal Chancery (Granada, Spain). In particular, the process of in situ formation of calcium and magnesium sulfates has been studied. Several decay factors are identified, all of them acting [...]

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) associated with asbestos chrysotile, tremolite and actinolite in the Calabria region (Italy)

Andrea Bloise, Claudia Richiutti, Rosalda Punturo, et al.

Published: 2024-01-25
Subjects: Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) host in asbestos elongate mineral particles is one of the factors which have been invoked to explain their toxicity/pathogenicity effects. This study quantifies and compares these elements in terms of major, minor and trace element concentrations (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Be, V, As, Rb, Sb, Ba, Pb, Sr) in various types of asbestos using micro [...]

Assessing the climate and health impacts of energy consumption in European Union countries

Gen Pei, Jonathan Buonocore, Parichehr Salimifard, et al.

Published: 2024-01-25
Subjects: Environmental Public Health

Burning fossil fuels for energy generation emits greenhouse gases (GHGs) that are the major driver of global climate change and its cascading health impacts. Combusting these fuels also generates air pollutants that pose an immediate health burden. Carbon and GHG emissions are routinely counted in climate policies and energy-efficiency standards and targets, yet the health burden of air pollution [...]

Deployment-invariant probability of detection characterization for aerial LiDAR methane detection

Michael J. Thorpe, Aaron Krietinger, Dominic Altamura, et al.

Published: 2024-01-24
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences

Accurate detection sensitivity characterization of remote methane monitoring technologies is critical for designing, implementing, and auditing effective emissions monitoring and mitigation programs. Several research groups have developed test methods based on single/double-blind controlled release protocols and regression-based data analysis techniques to create probability of detection (PoD) [...]

Unsupervised Structural Damage Assessment from Space using the Segment Anything Model (USDA-SAM): A Case Study of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake

Sudharshan Balaji, Oktay Karakus

Published: 2024-01-23
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences

This paper explores advanced deep learning methods, specifically utilising the Segment Anything Model (SAM) along with image processing techniques, to evaluate the structural damages caused by the devastating earthquake that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023. Leveraging exceptionally high-resolution pre- and post-disaster imagery provided by Maxar Technologies, this paper showcases the [...]

Land Processes Can Substantially Impact the Mean Climate State

Claire Marie Zarakas, Daniel Kennedy, Katherine Dagon, et al.

Published: 2024-01-23
Subjects: Climate

Terrestrial processes influence the atmosphere by controlling land-to-atmosphere fluxes of energy, water, and carbon. Prior research has demonstrated that parameter uncertainty drives uncertainty in land surface fluxes. However, the influence of land process uncertainty on the climate system remains underexplored. Here, we quantify how assumptions about land processes impact climate using a [...]

2023 record marine heat waves: Coral Bleaching HotSpot maps reveal global sea surface temperature extremes, coral mortality, and ocean circulation change

Tom Goreau, Raymond L Hayes

Published: 2024-01-23
Subjects: Life Sciences

2023 was the hottest year in recorded history on land and in the sea, with dramatic and unexpected temperature increases (Cheng et al., 2024, Hausfather, 2024). 2023 Coral Bleaching HotSpot maps provide unique insight into global ocean circulation changes in response to greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing that caused dramatic global temperature rises. The highest excess daily air temperatures recorded [...]

Characterizing regional oceanography and bottom environmental conditions at two contrasting sponge grounds on the northern Labrador Shelf

Evert de Froe, Igor Yashayaev, Christian Mohn, et al.

Published: 2024-01-22
Subjects: Marine Biology, Oceanography, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Deep-sea sponge grounds are distributed globally and are considered hotspots of biological diversity and biogeochemical cycling. To date, little is known about the environmental conditions that allow high sponge biomass to develop in the deep sea. Here, we characterize oceanographic conditions at two contrasting sites off the northern Labrador Shelf with respective high and low sponge biomass. [...]

UNESCO Global Geoparks as useful sceneries to disseminate science and raise awareness of geological risks: the case of Las Loras Geopark (Spain)

Irene deFelipe, Armanda Cruz, Dolores Pereira

Published: 2024-01-22
Subjects: Education, Engineering

Natural and anthropic hazards derived from climate change are endangering heritage and society. Geoheritage is vulnerable. Nowadays we are witnessing the destruction of monuments with high emotional significance due to wars, but climate change is also contributing to the loss of the same cultural heritage. Prevention is often the best way to protect geoheritage from disappearing and society is [...]

Recognizing diversity in wetlands and farming systems to support sustainable agriculture and conserve wetlands

Anne A. van Dam, Hugh A. Robertson, Roland Prieler, et al.

Published: 2024-01-20
Subjects: Life Sciences

Agriculture is a main driver of global decline in wetlands, but in addressing its impact the diversity in agricultural production systems and their catchment interactions must be recognized. In this paper we review the impacts of food production systems on wetlands to seek a better understanding of agriculture-wetland interactions and identify options for increasing sustainability. Eight farming [...]

The numerical evaluation of the effect of Geotextile sample size on the behavior of reinforced cohesive soil

Kuwar khairnar, Sintash Shivde

Published: 2024-01-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering

The effect of sample size is a phenomenon that involves the dependence of resistance on the size of the tested sample, where smaller samples exhibit higher resistance compared to larger ones. Due to the importance and sensitivity of determining the resistances of laboratory samples for use in design, codes, and standards, efforts are made to minimize the effects of sample size. This issue holds [...]

Coping with Information Extraction from In-Situ Data Acquired in Natural Streams

Özlem Baydaroğlu, Marian Muste, Atiye Beyza Cikmaz, et al.

Published: 2024-01-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Flood waves propagating in natural streams are highly complex flow situations with intricate dependencies among flow variables that are still not well understood. The most relevant information for deciphering these dependencies is extracted from continuous in-situ measurements acquired through high sampling frequency with special attention to the magnitude and timing of the hydrograph peaks. The [...]

Quaternary and Pliocene sea-level changes at Camarones, central Patagonia, Argentina

Karla Rubio-Sandoval, Deirdre D. Ryan, Sebastian Richiano, et al.

Published: 2024-01-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure

Geological indicators of past relative sea level changes are fundamental to reconstruct the extent of former ice sheet during past interglacials, which are considered analogs for future climate conditions. Four interglacials, dating from Holocene to Pliocene, have left sea-level imprints in the proximity of the coastal town of Camarones in Central Patagonia, Argentina. Sea-level index points were [...]

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