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Preprints

There are 5516 Preprints listed.

EarthObsNet: A Comprehensive Benchmark Dataset for Data-Driven Earth Observation Image Synthesis

Zhouyayan Li, Muhammed Yusuf Sermet, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2024-03-04
Subjects: Engineering

Remote Sensing imagery serves as an important data source for Earth surface monitoring and surface processes studies. It is highly likely that RS imagery will become more and more indispensable in the future due to its high scalability and compatibility with data-driven models and ever-evolving software and hardware that become increasingly good at processing large datasets. Although its [...]

EStreams: An Integrated Dataset and Catalogue of Streamflow, Hydro-Climatic Variables and Landscape Descriptors for Europe

Thiago V. M. do Nascimento, Julia Rudlang, Marvin Höge, et al.

Published: 2024-03-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology

Large-sample hydrology datasets have become increasingly available, contributing to significant scientific advances. However, in Europe, only a few such datasets have been published, capturing only a fraction of the wealth of information from national data providers in terms of available spatial density and temporal extent. We present “EStreams”, an extensive dataset of hydro-climatic [...]

Groundwater in the age of plastic

Bertil Nlend, Dan Lapworth, Michaela Cashman, et al.

Published: 2024-03-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

Among the emerging contaminants, microplastics (1-5,000 µm) are becoming an important issue due to their ubiquity in the environment. However, research on this emerging contaminant has been conducted mainly in marine surface waters while microplastics (MPs) are now being found in even the most remote parts of the environment. For example, in groundwater which is the primary water source which [...]

An optimized methane retrieval approach based on Kalman filter for mapping methane point emissions from spaceborne imaging spectrometer

Chenxi Feng, Fei Li, Javier Roger, et al.

Published: 2024-02-29
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences

Methane (CH4) emissions from point sources in the energy sector plays a crucial role in global CH4 budget. Spaceborne imaging spectrometer has shown superior ability for monitoring these emission events over large spatial coverages and extended timeframes. Presently, the Matched Filter (MF), which is a data-driven method, is widely employed for satellite-based retrieval of CH4 emission flux [...]

The problems of the Anthropocene in the Geologic Time Scale, and beyond

Carles Soriano

Published: 2024-02-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The formalization of the Anthropocene in the Geologic Time Scale (GTS) is a matter of debate. An assessment of the two current options, one formalizing the Anthropocene as an Epoch and the other considering the Anthropocene as an informal event in the Earth’s history that does not require formalization, are critically analyzed. The focus of the analysis is on the philosophical issues underlying [...]

Estimating irrigation water use from remotely sensed evapotranspiration data: Accuracy and uncertainties at field, water right, and regional scales

Sam Zipper, Jude Kastens, Timothy Foster, et al.

Published: 2024-02-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

Irrigated agriculture is the dominant user of water globally, but most water withdrawals are not monitored or reported. As a result, it is largely unknown when, where, and how much water is used for irrigation. Here, we evaluated the ability of remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET) data, integrated with other datasets, to calculate irrigation water withdrawals and applications in an intensively [...]

Satellite-based surveys reveal substantial methane point-source emissions in major oil & gas basins of North America during 2022-2023

Fei Li, Shengxi Bai, Keer Lin, et al.

Published: 2024-02-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Remote Sensing

Utilizing imaging spectroscopy technology to identify methane super-emitters plays a vital role in mitigating methane emissions in the Oil & Gas (O&G) sector. While earlier research has uncovered significant point-source methane emissions from O&G production in the US and Canada, which are key regions with large methane emissions, a comprehensive post-COVID-19 survey has been notably [...]

Unconfined gravity current interactions with orthogonal topography: Implications for combined-flow processes and the depositional record.

Edward Keavney, Jeff Peakall, Ru Wang, et al.

Published: 2024-02-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Turbidity current behaviour is affected by interactions with seafloor topography. Changes in flow dynamics will depend on the physiographic configuration of the topography (orientation and gradient), and the character of the incoming flow (magnitude and rheology). A better understanding of how unconfined turbidity currents interact with topography will improve interpretations of the stratigraphic [...]

Assessing and improving the robustness of Bayesian evidential learning in one dimension for inverting TDEM data: introducing a new threshold procedure

Arsalan Ahmed, Lukas Aigner, Hadrien Michel, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Understanding the subsurface is of prime importance for many geological and hydro-geological applications. Geophysical methods offer an economical alternative for in-vestigating the subsurface compared to costly borehole investigation methods, but geophysical results are commonly obtained through an inversion whose solution is non-unique. Deterministic inversions providing a unique solution are [...]

Tidally driven porewater exchange and diel cycles control CO2 fluxes in mangroves

Alex Cabral, Yvonne Yau, Gloria Reithmaier, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Mangrove soils are highly enriched in organic carbon. Tidal pumping drives seawater and oxygen into mangrove sediments during flood tide and releases carbon-rich porewater during ebb tides. Here, we resolve semi-diurnal (flood/ebb tides), diel (day/night) and weekly (neap/spring tides) drivers of porewater-derived CO2 fluxes in two mangroves and update global estimates of CO2 emissions. Tidal [...]

Old concepts in a new semantic perspective: introducing a geotemporal approach to conceptual definitions in geology

Kris Piessens, Jan Walstra, Anthea Willems, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Life Sciences

Geological units are the fundamental building blocks that help understand regional geological history and architecture. Classifying these correctly is therefore crucial, as is acknowledging how they relate to each other. This is where traditional definitions fall short, which is increasingly becoming evident with the ongoing effort of setting up advanced knowledge systems that rely on semantic [...]

Co-constructing ‘third spaces’ for engagement between minoritized community groups and environmental scientists

Richard Holliman, Geeta Ludhra, Clare Warren, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Education, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The demographics of environmental and Earth scientists are not representative of the UK’s multicultural society. We sought to widen diversity through two related engaged research projects, 'Walking the Walk' and 'Landscape Stories'. This paper offers a critically reflexive account, based on the methodology of duoethnography, of how we co-constructed a ‘third space’ for these projects. We sought [...]

An ensemble neural network approach for space-time landslide predictive modelling

Jana Lim, Giorgio Santinelli, Ashok Dahal, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geomorphology, Multivariate Analysis

There is an urgent need for accurate and effective Landslide Early Warning Systems (LEWS). Most LEWS are currently based on a single temporally-aggregated measure of rainfall derived from either in-situ measurements or satellite-based rainfall estimates. Relying on a summary metric of precipitation may not capture the complexity of the rainfall signal and its dynamics in space and time in [...]

Observations from the Seafloor: Ultra-low-frequency Ambient Ocean-Bottom Nodal Seismology at the Amendment Field

Aaron Girard, Jeffrey Shragge, Mike Danilouchkine, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

Large-scale ocean-bottom node (OBN) arrays of 1000s of multi-component instruments deployed over 1000s of square kilometers have been used successfully for active-source seismic exploration activities including full waveform inversion (FWI) at exploration frequencies above about 2.0 Hz. The analysis of concurrently recorded lower-frequency ambient wavefield data, though, is only just beginning. A [...]

DINEOF Interpolation of Global Ocean Color Data: Error Analysis and Masking

Haipeng Zhao, Atsushi Matsuoka, Manfredi Manizza, et al.

Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The Data Interpolation Empirical Orthogonal Function (DINEOF) algorithm is used to reconstruct datasets of geophysical and biological variables such as sea surface temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll a (Chl a). In this study, we analyze the impact of both the quantity and distribution of missing data on the performance of DINEOF demonstrating how DINEOF plus a connectivity mask can be used for [...]

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