Preprints
There are 5631 Preprints listed.
A hybrid approach to enhance streamflow simulation in data-constrained Himalayan basins: Combining the Glacio-Hydrological Degree-Day Model and Recurrent Neural Networks
Published: 2024-04-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Glacio-hydrological Degree-day Model (GDM) is a distributed model but prone to uncertainties due to its conceptual nature, parameter estimation, and limited data in the Himalayan basins. To enhance accuracy without sacrificing interpretability, we propose a hybrid model, GDM-RNNs, combining GDM with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Three RNN types (Simple RNN, GRU, LSTM) are integrated with [...]
Part 1: Anthropocene Series/Epoch: stratigraphic context and justification of rank The Anthropocene Epoch and Crawfordian Age: proposals by the Anthropocene Working Group
Published: 2024-04-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) has concluded that the Anthropocene represents geological reality and should be linked with the plethora of stratigraphic proxies that initiate or show marked perturbations at around the 1950s, and should be defined using a Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). We propose formalizing the Anthropocene as series/epoch, terminating the Holocene [...]
Part 2: Descriptions of the proposed Crawford Lake GSSP and supporting SABSs. The Anthropocene Epoch and Crawfordian Age: proposals by the Anthropocene Working Group
Published: 2024-04-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This part of the Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) submission proposes that the base of the Anthropocene should be defined as series/epoch, terminating the Holocene Series/Epoch with a single Crawfordian stage/age using a Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) in an annually varved Crawford Lake core, Ontario, Canada, defined at 17.5 cm in core CRA23-BC-1F-B at the base of the dark [...]
Late Holocene relative sea-level records from coral microatolls in Singapore
Published: 2024-04-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Late Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) data are important to understand the drivers of RSL change, but there is a lack of precise RSL records from the Sunda Shelf. Here, we produced a Late Holocene RSL reconstruction from coral microatolls in Singapore, demonstrating for the first time the utility of Diploastrea heliopora microatolls as sea-level indicators. We produced 12 sea-level index points [...]
Urbanization vs climate drivers: investigating changes in fluvial floods in Poland
Published: 2024-04-11
Subjects: Hydrology
Fluvial floods are one of the most severe natural hazards. Changes in flood behaviour result from an interplay of climatic and human factors. Urbanization, with increasing land imperviousness, is the most critical human factor. This study investigates the effect of urbanization vs climate drivers on river floods in Poland, using the paired catchment approach. We used daily river flow data from [...]
Field survey of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) usage for overcoming water scarcity on small islands in Indonesia
Published: 2024-04-11
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
The dry season impacts clean water availability in Indonesia, particularly on small islands; however, there are few comprehensive studies of water availability on small islands. The aim of this study was to assess clean water sources and the obstacles to accessing clean water on small islands. We used a combination of structured questionnaires and interviews along with direct observations on two [...]
The role of thermal notch erosion in forcing localised calving failure and short-term increases in velocity at a lake-terminating glacier in southeast Iceland
Published: 2024-04-10
Subjects: Glaciology
We utilised repeat high-resolution UAV-SfM surveys, alongside terrestrial photography acquired in-situ, to investigate, for the first time, how localised calving failure can drive short-term increases in velocity at a lake-terminating glacier. This data was acquired over five days in early July 2019, and across 11 days in July 2021, to provide insights into a suite of processes that have been [...]
Pleistocene shifts in Great Basin hydroclimate seasonality govern the formation of lithium-rich paleolake deposits
Published: 2024-04-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Paleobiology, Sedimentology
Southwestern North America is currently experiencing a multidecadal megadrought, with severe consequences for water resources. However, significant uncertainty remains about how precipitation will change in the 21st century in this semi-arid region. Paleoclimatic records are essential for both contextualizing current change, and for helping constrain the sensitivity of regional hydroclimate to [...]
Scaling traffic variables from sensors sample to the entire city at high spatiotemporal resolution with machine learning: applications to the Paris megacity
Published: 2024-04-10
Subjects: Transportation Engineering
Road transportation accounts for up to 35% of carbon dioxide and 49% of nitrogen oxides emissions in the Paris region. In an effort to mitigate those emissions, local authorities have implemented a climate plan that includes measures such as converting car lanes into cycle paths and enforcing strict low emission zones. Moreover, the COVID-19 crisis has had a notable impact on citizens' behavior [...]
FLOWIDER 1.0: a web-based interface to track flood-season water levels of large rivers of India’s Gangetic plains
Published: 2024-04-08
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accessing and analysing flood-season water level data is crucial for monitoring riverine biodiversity and ecosystems. The Gangetic plains are among the largest river floodplains in the world. Temporal flood-season water level data for rivers of the Gangetic basin in India, though available in the public domain, are often scattered across web-based sources and recorded in non-translatable formats. [...]
Advancing forest aboveground biomass mapping by integrating GEDI with other Earth Observation data using a cloud computing platform: A case study of Alabama, United States
Published: 2024-04-06
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Forest Management, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Forest aboveground biomass (AGB) is a crucial indicator for monitoring carbon and requires accurate quantification. This study aimed to advance AGB estimation using open access Earth observation (EO) data and cloud computing, focusing on Alabama, USA. The specific objectives were to: (1) develop a workflow for creating a 30 m forest AGBD map with GEDI, using GEE, (2) evaluate and compare [...]
Point of Care Devices Engaging Green Graphene: An Eco-conscious and Sustainable Paradigm
Published: 2024-04-05
Subjects: Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences
The healthcare landscape has experienced a profound and irreversible transformation, primarily driven by the emergence of nanomaterial assisted point-of-care (POC) devices. Inclusion of nanomaterials in POC devices have revolutionized healthcare by enabling rapid, on-site diagnostics with minimal infrastructure requirements. Among the materials poised to lead this technological revolution, green [...]
Evaluation for the Impacts of Numerical Advection Schemes and Turbulence Modeling on Gray-Zone Simulation of a Squall Line
Published: 2024-04-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
With increasing computational power, atmospheric simulations have approached the gray zone resolutions where energetic turbulent eddies are partly resolved. The representation of turbulence in the gray zone is challenging and sensitive to the choices of turbulence models and numerical advection schemes. Some numerical advection schemes are designed with numerical dissipation to suppress [...]
Sentinel-1 SAR-based Globally Distributed Landslide Detection by Deep Neural Networks
Published: 2024-04-05
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geomorphology
Efficient response to large and widespread multiple landslide events (MLEs) demands rapid and effective landslide detection. Despite extensive efforts using optical remotely sensed imagery, limitations in global, day & night, and all-weather operational capabilities remain. To address these gaps, we introduce an approach that harnesses Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Synthetic Aperture Radar [...]
Permeability Characterisation of Sedimentological Facies in the Bunter Sandstone Formation, Endurance CO2 Storage Site, Offshore UK
Published: 2024-04-05
Subjects: Geology
Permeability variations due to sedimentological heterogeneity are important in controlling CO2 migration pathways, CO2 plume dynamics, and stratigraphic, capillary and dissolution trapping of CO2 in subsurface storage units and complexes. Thus, knowing these parameters is crucial to developing a CO2 injection strategy that maximizes storage and trapping efficiency. In this study we analyzed the [...]