Preprints
There are 4718 Preprints listed.
Large variation in Mekong river plastic transport between wet and dry season
Published: 2023-02-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
Plastic pollution in rivers is of increased global concern. Rivers act both as pathways for land-based plastic waste into the ocean, and as plastic reservoirs for long-term retention. Reliable observations are key to designing, optimizing and evaluating strategies to prevent and reduce plastic pollution. Several measurement methods have been developed to quantify macroplastic ($>$0.5 cm) storage [...]
A new, global optical sediment trap calibration
Published: 2023-02-25
Subjects: Oceanography
Autonomous sensors for gravitational carbon flux in the ocean are critically needed, because of uncertainties in the projected response of the biological carbon pump (BCP) to climate change, and the proposed, engineered acceleration of the BCP to sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean. Optical sediment trap (OST) sensors directly sense fluxes of sinking particles in a manner that is independent [...]
Rapid seaward expansion of seaport footprints worldwide
Published: 2023-02-25
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Geographic Information Sciences, Geomorphology, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Sustainability
As global maritime traffic increases, seaports grow to accommodate and compete for higher volumes of trade throughput. However, growth trajectories of seaport footprints around the world have gone unmeasured, likely because of a lack of readily available spatio-temporal data. Here, we use geospatial analysis of global satellite imagery from 1990–2020 to show that 65 seaports among the world's top [...]
Extrapolation based regionalized re-evaluation of the global estuarine surface area
Published: 2023-02-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology
At the interface between the continental and oceanic domains, estuaries are essential components of the land-ocean aquatic continuum that play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, as they transform and export large amounts of carbon and nutrients from rivers to coastal waters. Because of this intense biogeochemical processing, they are significant ecosystems in terms of greenhouse gas [...]
3D geometry of the Lonar impact crater, India, imaged from cultural seismic noise
Published: 2023-02-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Lonar impact crater in the Deccan Volcanic Province of India is an excellent analogue for impact-induced structures on the Moon and other terrestrial planets. We present a detailed architecture of the crater using a high-resolution 3-D seismic velocity image to a depth of 1.5 km through the inversion of ambient noise data recorded over 20 broadband seismographs operating around the crater. [...]
Detection and Characterization of Discontinuous Motion on Thompson Glacier, Canadian High Arctic, Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Speckle Tracking and Ice-Flow Modeling
Published: 2023-02-23
Subjects: Glaciology
We investigate unusual discontinuous glacier motion on Thompson Glacier, Umingmat Nunaat, Arctic Canada, using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and ice-flow modeling. A novel intensity-rescaling scheme is developed to reduce errors in high resolution speckle tracking, resulting in a ~25% improvement in accuracy. Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and speckle tracking using high resolution [...]
Eclogites and basement terrane tectonics in the northern arm of the Grenville orogen, NW Scotland
Published: 2023-02-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The presence of eclogites within continental crust is a key indicator of collisional orogenesis and they have been used worldwide to assist in the delineation of ancient collisional sutures. Eclogites within the Eastern Glenelg basement inlier of the Northern Highland Terrane (NHT) have been re-dated in order to provide more accurate constraints on the timing of collision within the northern arm [...]
Modelling a Dam Breach failure: Case of study in the Chaglla Reservoir, Perú.
Published: 2023-02-21
Subjects: Engineering
The dam breaching is one of the events with the most catastrophic consequences among the risks due to fluvial flooding, given the intensity, the great extension of the affectation and the speed of the event. At present, various hydraulic modeling programs are capable of simulating the breach in the wall of a dam, as well as its possible subsequent flooding, granting speeds and drafts in the [...]
Simulating the processes controlling ice-shelf rift paths using damage mechanics
Published: 2023-02-21
Subjects: Glaciology
Rifts are full-thickness fractures that propagate laterally across the ice shelf. They cause ice-shelf weakening and calving of tabular icebergs, and control the initial size of calved icebergs. Here, we present a combined inverse and forward computational modeling framework to capture rifting by combining the vertically integrated momentum balance and anisotropic continuum damage mechanics [...]
Did hydroclimate conditions contribute to the political dynamics of Majapahit? A preliminary analysis
Published: 2023-02-21
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Majapahit was the largest Hindu-Buddhist empire that ruled the Indonesian archipelago from the late 13th to mid-16th centuries CE. Only now there is still a lot of history surrounding the Majapahit era that has yet to be revealed. One is about how environmental factors influenced the political dynamics at that time. This study tries to discuss the influence of hydroclimate regimes using the Paleo [...]
Optimizing Sowing Window for Mungbean and its Adaptation Option for the South-Central Zone of Bangladesh in Future Climate Change Scenario Using APSIM Model
Published: 2023-02-20
Subjects: Higher Education
The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model was calibrated and validated and used to optimize the sowing window for mungbean (var. BARI Mung-6) at Gazipur, the South-central climatic zone of Bangladesh. Simulation was also done with elevated temperatures (1, 2 and 3 ºC) to find out the adaptation option against future temperature stress situations. The model was run for eight [...]
Investigation of Capillary Pressure Effects on Well Cleanup after Hydraulic Fracturing
Published: 2023-02-20
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Nowadays hydraulic fracturing is becoming the most popular practice for low permeability reservoirs. While in some cases fractured wells show superior productivity than non-fractured wells, in other cases the effective fracture length which is used to channel gas and oil from reservoir to wellbore, is much shorter than the propped fracture length, thus leading to a lower-than-expected production [...]
Sub- and super-shear ruptures during the 2023 Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.6 earthquake doublet in SE Türkiye
Published: 2023-02-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An earthquake doublet (Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.6) occurred on the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) on February 6th, 2023. The events produced significant ground motions and caused major impacts to life and infrastructure throughout SE Türkiye and NW Syria. Here we show the results of earthquake relocations of the first 11 days of aftershocks and rupture models for both events inferred from the kinematic [...]
Towards robust interdisciplinary modeling of global human-environmental dynamics
Published: 2023-02-20
Subjects: Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Studies, Forest Sciences, Geography, Life Sciences, Nature and Society Relations
Real-world environmental problems are typically vast, urgent, and complex. Confronted with such problems, we are often tempted to act fast by pulling together little bits and pieces from different fields and simply adding these to pre-existing models and frameworks. Seldom, though, do we pause long enough to look whether and for how long those larger structures we build can support reliable [...]
Porosity evolution of mafic crystal mush during reactive flow
Published: 2023-02-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The emergence of the “mush paradigm” has raised several questions for conventional models of magma storage and extraction: how are melts extracted to form eruptible liquid-rich domains? What mechanism controls melt transport in mush-rich systems? Recently, reactive flow has been proposed as a major contributing factor in the formation of high porosity, melt-rich regions. Yet, owing to the absence [...]