Preprints
There are 4718 Preprints listed.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks Applied to Catastrophic Creeping Landslides
Published: 2023-02-13
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering
In this study, a new paradigm compared to traditional numerical approaches to solve the partial differential equation (PDE) that governs the thermo-poro-mechanical behavior of the shear band of deep-seated landslides, is presented. In particular, we show projections of the temperature inside the shear band as a proxy to estimate catastrophic failure of deep-seated landslides. A deep neural [...]
Considerable gaps in our global knowledge of potential groundwater accessibility
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Geology, Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
At what depth groundwater can be found below the land surface is key to understanding whether it is potentially accessible to ecosystems and humans, or what role it plays in the water cycle. Knowledge of ground-water table depth (WTD) exists at regional scales in many places, but a bottom-up knowledge aggregation to obtain a coherent global picture is exceptionally challenging. Uncertainty in [...]
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tropical cyclones (TCs) mix vertical temperature gradients in the upper ocean and generate powerful near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) that propagate down into the deep ocean. Globally, downward mixing of heat during TC passage causes warming in the seasonal thermocline and pumps 0.15-0.6 PW of heat into the unventilated ocean. The final distribution of excess heat contributed by TCs is needed [...]
Assessing the impact of war on the water supply infrastructure in Tigray, Ethiopia
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Educational Methods
Armed conflicts throughout the world can have substantial impacts on private and public infrastructure and its people. Over the last two decades, the regional government of Tigray in Ethiopia has invested extensively in developing surface and groundwater resources for water supply leading to 61% of rural and 57% of urban populations having access to safe drinking water by 2020. However, the [...]
Changes in water age during dry-down of a non-perennial stream
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Hydrology
Non-perennial streams, which lack year-round flow, are widespread globally. Identifying the sources of water that sustain flow in non-perennial streams is necessary to understand their potential impacts on downstream water resources, and guide water policy and management. Here, we used water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) and two different modeling approaches to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics [...]
Soil moisture modulation of midlatitude heat waves
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Heat waves are broadly expected to increase in severity and frequency under climate change. Case studies highlight a number of physical mechanisms that play a role in present-day heat waves, which typically occur during a coalescence of anomalous atmospheric and land surface conditions. However, a unified model of heat wave physics is lacking, primarily owing to difficulty in disentangling the [...]
HIGH-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR BAYESIAN INFERENCE OF POROELASTIC FIELDS FROM PRESSURE DATA
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We investigate solution methods for large-scale inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) via Bayesian inference. The Bayesian framework provides a statistical setting to infer uncertain parameters from noisy measurements. To quantify posterior uncertainty, we adopt Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches for generating samples. To increase the efficiency of these [...]
Finite-volume coupled surface-subsurface flow modelling in earth dikes
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Engineering
Earthen embankments are subject to increasing threads because of climate change inducing sequences of severe drought periods followed by floods possibly leading to overtopping of the structures. Consequently, the water saturation of the dike can vary significantly both in space and time, and the resulting groundwater flow can affect the free-surface flow in case of overtopping. Conversely, the [...]
An Updated Parametrization of Algorithms to Retrieve the Diffuse Attenuation of Light in the Ocean from Remote Sensing and its Impact on Estimates of Net Primary Productivity
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Environmental Sciences
We recently found a significant bias while validating frequently used ocean color algorithms retrieving the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(λ))(Begouen and Boss, 2022). Here we modify existing algorithms for Kd(λ) to remove the observed bias at Kd(490), and evaluate the impact on global and regional estimates of net primary production (NPP) using two different primary production [...]
A multi-spatial analysis and the balanced requirements of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and urban inhabitants in the Cuyahoga River watershed
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Biodiversity
Water quality in the Cuyahoga River, a national heritage river of the United States, has improved greatly since the infamous river fire of 1969, but much of the watershed faces combined demands of a state scenic river valued for nature and the primary water source for surrounding cities. A comparative analysis of mussel abundance was applied to test success between water improvements and mussel [...]
Gas - escape features along the Trzebiatów Fault offshore Poland: evidence for a leaking petroleum system
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
New 2D high resolution seismic and hydro-acoustic data demonstrate the presence of methane in the shallow sediments and its origin in the Pomeranian Bight, southern of the Baltic Sea area. Various shallow gas features were identified in the Gryfice block, along the inverted Trzebiatów fault zone, including chimneys, bright spots, acoustic blanking, pockmarks, and polarity reversal. Structural and [...]
PyRaysum: Software for Modeling Ray-theoretical Plane Body-wave Propagation in Dipping Anisotropic Media
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
This article introduces PyRaysum, a Python software for modeling ray-theoretical body-wave propagation in dipping and/or anisotropic layered media based on the popular Fortran code Raysum. We improve and expand upon Raysum in several ways: 1) we significantly reduce the overhead by avoiding input/output operations; 2) we implement automatic phase labeling to facilitate the interpretation of [...]
Discounting the future: The effect of collective motivation on investment decisions and acceptance of policies for renewable energy
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Previous research has mainly considered economic factors and personal psychological factors (e.g., personal pro-environmental attitudes) as determinants of investment behavior for renewable energies. However, less is known about how social identities, i.e. the human capacity to think and act as a member of a social group, can shape green investment behavior. Combining insights from economics and [...]
Transforming place-based management within watersheds in Fiji: the Watershed Interventions for Systems Health project
Published: 2023-02-08
Subjects: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Watersheds offer opportunities for place-based interventions to transform systems health via preventative versus reactive approaches to management that achieve multiple co-benefits for public and environmental health. The Watershed Interventions for Systems Health in Fiji (WISH Fiji) project embraced participatory knowledge co-production and action-oriented research to identify risks to public [...]
Desiccation of ecosystem-critical microbialites in the shrinking Great Salt Lake, Utah (USA)
Published: 2023-02-08
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Great Salt Lake hosts an ecosystem that is critical to migratory birds and international aquaculture, yet it is currently threatened by falling lake elevation and high lakewater salinity resulting from water diversions in the upstream watershed and the enduring megadrought in the western United States. Microbialite reefs underpin the ecosystem, hosting a surface microbial community that is [...]