Preprints
There are 6214 Preprints listed.
The evidence for open magmatic system processes recorded in the crystal cargoes of lunar basalts 10057, 12038, 12043, 15085, 15556, and 70017
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basaltic magmatism is fundamental to planetary evolution, and continues to be studied in depth on Earth. Terrestrial studies indicate that basaltic magmatic systems are generally comprised of a series of batches with distinct compositions, which can be stored at depth within crystal frameworks, creating mushes. The crystal cargos of magmas erupted from such systems record evidence of the mush [...]
Global Rice Paddy Inventory (GRPI): a high-resolution inventory of methane emissions from rice agriculture based on Landsat satellite inundation data
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rice agriculture is a major source of atmospheric methane, but current emission inventories are highly uncertain, mostly due to poor rice-specific inundation data. Inversions of atmospheric methane observations can help to better quantify rice emissions but require high-resolution prior information on the location and timing of emissions. Here we use Landsat satellite data at 30 m resolution to [...]
Emotional predictors of environmental policy support and opposition
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Understanding the affective responses to the climate and ecological emergency is essential to the development of and compliance with mitigation and adaptation policy. Empirical evidence suggests that individuals feeling negative emotions about the state of nature and the climate are more likely to show greater support for environmental policy. This is the first study investigating which among [...]
Inferring Long-Term Tectonic Uplift Patterns from Bayesian Inversion of Fluvially-Incised Landscapes
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Earth surface processes encode the combined forcing of tectonics and climate in topography. Separating their contributions is essential for using landscapes as quantitative records of crustal deformation. Here, we develop a method to invert non-dimensionalized, spatially variable fields of long-term rock uplift and rock erodibility from fluvially incised landscapes, using an extended [...]
Synthetic Tests on Resolvability of Space-Time Rupture History With Isola
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
This study evaluates the limitations of the ISOLA software in estimating rupture velocity by using synthetic tests that mimic the 2023 Turkish Mw 7.8 earthquake. Two types of slip-distribution models, point-like and continuous, were used as input for synthetic seismogram generation, which were then inverted using ISOLA multiple-point-source (MPS) approach. Key parameters affecting the software [...]
The ANTICS Large-N Seismic Deployment in Albania
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Located within the active continental collision between Eurasia and the Adriatic microplate, Albania is an earthquake prone country with one of the highest seismic hazard in Europe. This came into evidence when the Mw=6.4 Durrës earthquake hit the country in 2019, causing 51 fatalities and widespread damage to infrastructure. Despite this stark reminder, the seismotectonics of Albania remains [...]
Tracking glacier surge evolution using interferometric SAR coherence — examples from Svalbard
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a practically simple methodology for tracking glacier surge onset and evolution using interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence. Detecting surges early and monitoring their build-up is interesting for a multitude of scientific and safety-related aspects. We show that InSAR coherence maps allow the detection of surge-related instability on Svalbard many years before [...]
Multiobjective Optimization for Optimal Water Resource Allocation
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Engineering, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
This work investigates the use of multiobjective optimization (MOO) in the distribution of water resources, a crucial problem made worse by rising demand brought on by population expansion, industrialization, and climate change. Conventional unidimensional methods frequently fall short in considering the intricacies of conflicting water requirements in several domains, including domestic [...]
Single-station vehicle tracking using six-component seismic measurements: A comparative study with array-based methods
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Determining the direction of seismic waves is crucial for many applications, from monitoring natural hazards like avalanches and landslides to detecting nuclear explosions and conducting surveillance. Traditional methods rely on arrays of seismic sensors arranged in specific patterns, but deploying these arrays can be challenging or impossible in many environments, such as cities, ocean floors, [...]
A Simple Method for Designing Infiltration Low Impact Development Techniques Considering Effects of Urbanization and Climate Change
Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
Infiltration-focused low-impact development (LID) solutions aim to gradually absorb surface runoff, playing a critical role in reducing both peak flow rates and runoff volumes. These systems are commonly designed with specific surface areas and controlled ponding depths to provide sufficient storage capacity that counteracts the increased runoff resulting from urban expansion. Nevertheless, [...]
Viability of video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) for quantifying flare combustion efficiency
Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Engineering
Video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) has been proposed as a means to quantify the combustion efficiency (CE) of flares. This work presents a numerical assessment of VISR using computational fluid dynamics simulations of a steam-assisted industrial flare, with a focus on three aspects: how approximations in the radiometric model impact the local “pixel-wise” CE, the validity of the approach [...]
Unlocking DAS amplitude information through coherency coupling quantification
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) allows one to measure strain at metre-resolution along a fibreoptic cable, increasing spatial sampling of a seismic wavefield compared to conventional instrumentation. However, the challenge of measuring DAS-derived strain amplitude currently limits applications of this technology. Absolute amplitude measurements are required for estimating earthquake [...]
Definitional confusion and collateral damage due to new deforestation-free trade policies
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Environmental Studies
1. New policies for deforestation-free trade policies, such as the European Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), critically depend on the definition of forest, as mappable land cover and/or as rights-related land use type. Areas with a high tree cover combined with agricultural use and agroforestry are excluded from the official forest definition but are not separately mapped. Based on the [...]
Prediction of the daily spatial variation of stem water potential in cherry orchards using weather and Sentinel-2 data
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Water Resource Management
The common practice for irrigation management is to apply the water lost by evapotranspiration. However, we could manage the irrigation by monitoring the plant's water status by measuring the stem water potential (Ψs), which is currently costly and time-consuming. The primary goal of this work is to predict the daily spatial variation of Ψs using machine learning models. We measured Ψs in two [...]
Clay Stabilisation using Modified Anionic Bitumen Emulsion and Waste Glass
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Engineering
Clay (black cotton soil) is among the most difficult soils to stabilise against land movement. This study explores the possibility of mixing binders with the soil to increase its internal properties and stabilise clay from landslide prone areas. A modified anionic bitumen emulsion was mixed with the soil at different percentages and tested for angle of friction and cohesion. It was found that an [...]