Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
A Data-Driven Comparative Assessment of Pollution from Ethanol Production and Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning Systems
Published: 2026-06-29
Subjects: Environmental Engineering
This research paper presents a global, data-driven screening-level comparison of environmental pollution from fuel ethanol production and refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, including household air conditioners and refrigerators. The analysis uses publicly available data from international energy, cooling, refrigerant, and ethanol-production sources, combined with a reproducible Python [...]
Extreme recharge triggers seismicity in a confined karst aquifer in southern Spain
Published: 2026-05-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Tectonics and Structure
Hydrological forcing during extreme recharge events can perturb crustal stress and trigger seismicity in a critically stressed crust, yet the coupling between aquifer dynamics and the spatio-temporal distribution of earthquake swarms remains poorly constrained. Here we document such a response during an exceptional rainfall episode in early 2026 that affected a confined karst aquifer in southern [...]
The Coupling Cloud: A community database of megathrust kinematic coupling models
Published: 2026-01-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Kinematic coupling models inverted from geodetic data are widely used to evaluate how slip deficit is distributed along subduction megathrusts during the interseismic period, and are central to earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment. Yet, existing coupling models differ widely in methodology and inputs, lack common community standards, and are scattered across publications and repositories. [...]
Dynamic Line Rating and Residual Congestion: Implications for Storage Sizing and Availability
Published: 2026-06-26
Subjects: Engineering
Assessing the impact of Colombian public land acquisitions on forest cover in the Andes
Published: 2026-05-01
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Remote Sensing
Public land acquisitions (PLAs) are a promising conservation instrument, combining the permanence of protected areas with the voluntary, compensatory structure of payments for ecosystem services, yet causal evidence on their effectiveness remains limited. Colombia’s Article 111 mandate, which requires departments to allocate 1% of revenue to land acquisition for watershed protection, has produced [...]
Orthomagmatic Ni-Cu-Au-PGE mineralisation in Ireland and Northern Ireland: A review of historic exploration and future prospectivity
Published: 2026-05-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology
Platinum group elements (PGEs) are essential constituents in established and emerging green technologies, yet European supply is dominated by a small number of very large deposits, necessitating the identification of alternative domestic sources. Most economic mineralisation is associated with orthomagmatic Ni-Cu-Au-PGE systems, where chalcophile elements are concentrated within sulphide minerals [...]
Future Redistribution of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Risk in Two Contrasting CMIP6 Scenarios
Published: 2026-05-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We analyze North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone (TC) activity using the Columbia HAZard (CHAZ) model to downscale 12 models from CMIP6 under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios --- representing low and high radiative forcing, respectively. Despite greater warming under SSP5-8.5, basin-wide North Atlantic TC frequency is not consistently higher than under SSP1-2.6, contrasting the global-mean response. [...]
Sustained Decline of Annual Snow Cover Area in the Sikkim Himalaya (1987–2025): Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing on Google Earth Engine, Machine Learning, and Projections to 2100
Published: 2026-05-04
Subjects: Climate, Glaciology, Hydrology, Planetary Glaciology, Planetary Hydrology, Remote Sensing
Snow cover is a critical component of the Himalayan cryosphere, providing freshwater to millions of people across South Asia and regulating regional climate through albedo feedbacks. Sikkim, a small but ecologically significant state in the Eastern Himalaya, has experienced accelerating glacial retreat and mounting hydrological stress in recent decades. This study presents a comprehensive, [...]
Facility scale detection and quantification of gas flaring using imaging spectrometers
Published: 2026-05-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Globally, over 140 billion cubic meters of natural gas are flared each year, according to the VIIRS Nightfire (VNF) data product derived from satellite observations by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), the most widely used instrument for global flare monitoring. Although VIIRS routinely tracks global flaring activity through nighttime observations, its coarse spatial [...]
The TUDelft Global GRACE(-FO) Level-3 Equivalent Water Height Uncertainty Product
Published: 2026-05-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Hydrology, Other Earth Sciences
We present TUD-L3-EWH\_UNC-GRACE, a globally gridded Level-3 GRACE(-FO) equivalent water height (EWH) data product providing an extensive characterisation of uncertainty for direct use in Earth system research. Unlike conventional approaches that either require propagation of full normal matrices or rely on empirical assumptions regarding temporal and spatial correlations, the dataset combines [...]
A Mechanism Criterion Replaces Coupling Magnitude for Rainfall Inhibitory Skill Across Three Indo-Pacific Forcing Modes
Published: 2026-05-03
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
CPAdry — the Conditional Precipitation Anomaly, dry phase — detects rainfall inhibitory mechanism failure across three forcing modes: the MJO (intraseasonal), ENSO, and IOD (interannual). Twenty assessments at eighteen Indo-Pacific sites using two-track methodology establish the governing principle: CPAdry returns meaningful skill only where the forcing mode imposes locally active inhibition — [...]
Stratigraphy as a low-pass filter: selective preservation of spatial variability on a Holocene carbonate platform
Published: 2026-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Walther’s law, a fundamental principle in geoscience, predicts that laterally adjacent depositional environments become preserved as a vertical succession of layers (facies). As an expression of uniformitarianism, this law underpins interpretations of Earth’s history, yet it has not been quantitatively tested. We test this law and examine its limitations by quantifying multidecadal changes in [...]
Navigating the Complexity of Environmental Migration In the Context of Climate Change: Interdisciplinary Reflections on Concepts and Methods
Published: 2026-05-05
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
This article, from the perspective of a collective of researchers from the French National Research Institute for Development and collaborators, presents and discusses the conceptual and methodological frameworks they have developed to study environmental migration and (im)mobilities. It is based on a workshop organised within the IRD’s CoSav Migrations network, which brought together researchers [...]
Regulatory gaps in nvPM and non-CO2 aviation-emission standard under SAF adoption pathways
Published: 2026-07-10
Subjects: Engineering
Non-Volatile Particulate Matter (nvPM) emission requirements in the aviation industry are examined in depth in this dissertation. The research analyses the present available technologies to measure the number concentration as well as the mass of aerosol particles in order to compare it with the aircraft emissions. For the same ICAO compliant sampling and measurement system was deployed. A System [...]
From Rainfall to Rumors: Interpreting the 2024 Bangladesh Floods Through Numbers, Narratives, and Information Gaps
Published: 2025-02-27
Subjects: Engineering, Social and Behavioral Sciences
When severe floods struck southeastern Bangladesh in August 2024, competing explanationsemerged. Meteorological analysis revealed that extreme precipitation was exacerbated by the Madden‐JulianOscillation and jet stream dynamics. However, alternative narratives proliferated on social media, particularlyclaims that India deliberately released water from upstream dams. This study synthesizes [...]